Related papers: Colour Deconfinement and Quarkonium Binding
The early production of heavy quarks ($c\bar{c}$ and $b\bar{b}$) makes charmonia an ideal probe to study the evolution of the hot and dense medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, known as the quark--gluon plasma (QGP).…
The peculiar role of heavy-flavour observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is discussed. Produced in the early stage, $c$ and $b$ quarks cross the hot medium arising from the collision, interacting strongly with the latter, until…
After decades of painstaking research, the field of heavy ion physics has reached an exciting new era. Evidence is mounting that we can create a high temperature, high density, strongly interacting ``bulk matter'' state in the laboratory --…
Transport equations have been applied successfully to describe the quarkonium evolution inside the quark-gluon plasma, which include both plasma screening effects and recombination. We demonstrate how the quarkonium transport equation is…
I discuss some recent progress in our understanding of high energy nuclear collisions. I will focus on two topics which I was lucky to co-pioneer in the recent past. One is recombination of quarks and its interpretation as a signal for…
Quarkonium production in high-energy hadronic collisions provides a fundamental test of QCD. Its modification in a nuclear medium is a sensitive probe of the space-time temperature profile and transport properties of the QGP, yielding…
We present a classical model to study the formation of charmonia, as well as dissociation and regeneration processes of heavy-quark bound states in the quark gluon plasma using Langevin simulations. The charm and anticharm quarks are…
Quarkonia provide a sensitive probe of the properties of the hot dense medium created in high energy heavy ion collisions. Hard scattering processes result in the production of heavy quark pairs that interact with the collision medium…
An effective Lagrangian approach to describe the dynamics of confinement and symmetry breaking in the process of quark-gluon to hadron conversion is proposed. The deconfined quark and gluon degrees of freedom of the perturbative QCD vacuum…
A brief survey of the role of heavy flavors as a probe of the state of matter produced by high energy heavy ion collisions is presented. Specific examples include energy loss, initial state gluon saturation, thermalization and flow. The…
Highly effective conversion of kinetic energy into abundant particle multiplicity is the remarkable feature discovered in high energy heavy ion collisions. This short and pedagogic review addresses topical issues related to the…
After a brief survey of the remarkable accomplishments of the current heavy ion collision experiments up to 200A GeV, we address in depth the role of strange particle production in the search for new phases of matter in these collisions. In…
While heavy ion collisions at the SPS have produced excited strongly interacting matter near the conditions for quark deconfinement, the RHIC may be the first machine capable of creating quark-antiquark plasmas sufficiently long-lived to…
We investigate how the possible existence of hadronic bound states above the deconfinement transition temperature $T_c$ affects heavy-quark observables like the nuclear modification factor, the elliptic flow and azimuthal correlations.…
We study quarkonium correlators and spectral functions at zero and finite temperature in QCD with only heavy quarks using potential models combined with perturbative QCD. First, we show that this approach can describe the quarkonium…
Quarkonium has long been proposed as one of the golden probes to identify the phase transition from confined hadronic matter to the deconfined quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions. Since then, we have achieved a better understanding,…
In ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions the produced high temperature, high energy density state will cross different phases of the strongly interacting matter. The original idea of quark-gluon plasma formation has been evolved and the…
We review the transport properties of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies, i.e. out-of equilibrium, and compare them to the equilibrium properties. The description…
QCD is the fundamental theory to describe the strong interaction, where quarks and gluons have the color degrees of freedom. However, a single quark or gluon can not be separated out and all observable particles are color singlet states.…
The Equation of State and the properties of matter in the high temperature deconfined phase are analyzed by a quasiparticle approach for $T> 1.2~T_c$. In order to fix the parameters of our model we employ the lattice QCD data of energy…