Related papers: Gauge invariant source terms in QCD
Gravitational waves (GWs) induced by scalar curvature fluctuations are an important source of the cosmological GW background and a crucial counterpart of the primordial black hole scenario. However, doubts have been cast on the…
The gauge-invariance properties and singularity elimination of the modified perturbation theory for QCD introduced in previous works, are investigated. The construction of the modified free propagators is generalized to include the…
Polygonal lines are used for the paths of the gluon field phase factors entering in the definition of gauge invariant quark Green's functions. This allows classification of the Green's functions according to the number of segments the…
The non-equilibrium quantum field dynamics is usually described in the closed-time-path formalism. The initial state correlations are introduced into the generating functional by non-local source terms. We propose a functional approach to…
We have explicitly shown that QCD is the color gauge invariant theory at non-zero mass gap as well. It has been defined as the value of the regularized full gluon self-energy at some finite point. The mass gap is mainly generated by the…
We solve the collisionless transport equations of a quark-gluon plasma interacting through mean chromodynamic fields. The system is assumed to be translation invariant in one or more space-time directions. We present exact solutions that…
Recently, Kovner and Lublinsky proposed new small-x QCD evolution equations valid when the gluon density inside the target is low. The key element of their construction is the Wess-Zumino term which ensures the non-commutativity of valence…
For the sake of eliminating gauge variant degrees of freedom we discuss the way to introduce angular variables in the hamiltonian formulation of QCD. On the basis of an analysis of Gauss' law constraints a particular choice is made for the…
In the high-energy limit, perturbative calculations in QCD are conveniently done using the dipole picture which factorizes the scattering amplitude into a perturbative part and the nonperturbative scattering off the nuclear target,…
We use general arguments to show that coloured QCD states when restricted to gauge invariant local observables are mixed. This result has important implications for confinement: a pure colourless state can never evolve into two coloured…
In this paper we improve the existing order parameter for monopole condensation in gauge theory vacuum, making it gauge-invariant from scratch and free of the spurious infrared problems which plagued the old one. Computing the new parameter…
In the present work, we construct a color gauge invariant theory of diquark interactions. With the transformation rule of the diquark fields and the definition of the covariant derivatives under color SU(3) symmetry, we construct the gauge…
A noncommutative version of the usual electro-weak theory is constructed. We discuss how to overcome the two major problems: 1) although we can have noncommutative U(n) (which we denote by $U_{\star}(n)$) gauge theory we cannot have…
The standard model of strong interactions invokes the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) of quarks and gluons interacting within a fluid. At sufficiently small length scales, the effective interactions between the color charged particles within…
he colour fields, created by static sources belonging to different SU(3) representations, from the 3 to the 27, are computed in quenched SU(3) lattice QCD, in a 24^3 x 48 lattice at beta=6.2 and a=0.07261(85) fm. We utilize the technique of…
Starting from the Weyl gauge formulation of quantum electrodynamics (QED), the formalism of quantum-mechanical gauge fixing is extended using techniques from nonrelativistic QED. This involves expressing the redundant gauge degrees of…
We develop here a nonperturbative framework to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperatures using the thermofield dynamics (TFD) method of Umezawa. The methodology considered here is self-consistent and variational. There is a…
We study in this Letter the origin of the confinement in QCD by analyzing the colour charge of physics states. We derive the colour charge operator in QCD and compare it with the electromagnetic charge operator in QED. It shows that the two…
It is generally assumed that quantum field theory (QFT) is gauge invariant. However it is well known that non-gauge invariant terms appear in various calculations. This problem was examined in Refs. [3] and [4] and it was shown that at the…
We re-examine the perturbative properties of four-dimensional non-commutative QED by extending the pinch techniques to the theta-deformed case. The explicit independence of the pinched gluon self-energy from gauge-fixing parameters, and the…