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Wilson loops in large N gauge theory exhibit a weak to strong coupling transition as the loop is dilated. A multiplicative matrix model captures the universal behavior associated with this transition. A universal scaling function is…
We study $\frac{1}{4}$-BPS Wilson loops in four-dimensional SU$(N$) ${\mathcal{N}}=2$ super-Yang-Mills theories with conformal matter in an arbitrary representation $\mathcal{R}$. These operators are formed of two meridians on the…
We discuss the effective action for Polyakov-Wilson loops winding around compact Euclidean time, which serve as order parameters for the finite temperature deconfinement transition in $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills gauge theory. We then apply our…
We give a definition of gauge-invariant magnetic monopoles in Yang-Mills theory without using the Abelian projection due to 't Hooft. They automatically appear from the Wilson loop operator. This is shown by rewriting the Wilson loop…
Ensembles of magnetic defects represent quantum variables that have been detected and extensively explored in lattice ${\rm SU}(N)$ pure Yang-Mills theory. They successfully explain many properties of confinement and are strongly believed…
We use the recently proposed supergravity approach to large $N$ gauge theories to calculate ordinary and spatial Wilson loops of gauge theories in various dimensions. In this framework we observe an area law for spatial Wilson loops in four…
Using the SU(2) lattice QCD, we formulate the dual Wilson loop and study the dual Higgs mechanism induced by monopole condensation in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge, where QCD is reduced into an abelian gauge theory including the electric…
The vacuum of Yang-Mills theories can be imagined as a magnetically disordered medium with domain structure, with color magnetic flux in each domain quantized in units corresponding to the gauge group center. This model leads to the…
We present non-perturbative results for U(1) gauge theory in spaces, which include a non-commutative plane. In contrast to the commutative space, such gauge theories involve a Yang-Mills term, and the Wilson loop is complex on the…
Supersymmetric gauge theories are an important building block for extensions of the standard model. As a first step towards Super-QCD we investigate the pure gauge sector with gluons and gluinos on the lattice, in particular the low energy…
We study the effective bosonic string that describes confining flux tubes in three-dimensional SU(N) Yang--Mills theories. Although the low-energy properties are universal and well described by the Nambu--Got\=o action, the subtle…
We explore an ansatz for the QCD vacuum in the Coulomb gauge that describes gauge field fluctuations in presence of a weakly interacting gas of abelian monopoles. Such magnetic disorder leads to long-range correlations which are manifested…
Quantum simulations of the dynamics of QCD have been limited by the complexities of mapping the continuous gauge fields onto quantum computers. By parametrizing the gauge invariant Hilbert space in terms of plaquette degrees of freedom, we…
We study the double-winding Wilson loops in the SU(N) Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. We discuss how the area law falloff of the double-winding Wilson loop average is modified by changing the enclosing contours C1 and C2 for various…
Quantum Yang-Mills theory and the Wilson loop can be rewritten identically in terms of local gauge-invariant variables being directly related to the metric of the dual space. In this formulation, one reveals a hidden high local symmetry of…
We investigate the long-distance behavior of dyonic loop operators in 4d $SU(N)$ gauge theories on $\mathbb{R}^3 \times S^1$ using the 3d monopole semiclassics. If we employ the naive definition of the 't Hooft loop in the Abelianized…
The 2d gauge theory on the lattice is equivalent to the twisted Eguchi-Kawai model, which we simulated at N ranging from 25 to 515. We observe a clear large N scaling for the 1- and 2-point function of Wilson loops, as well as the 2-point…
We compute the exact partition function for pure continuous Yang-Mills theory on the two-sphere in the large $N$ limit, and find that it exhibits a large $N$ third order phase transition with respect to the area $A$ of the sphere. The weak…
We study the Z_N flux tubes and monopole confinement in deformed N=2* super Yang-Mills theories. In order to do that we consider an N=4 super Yang-Mills theory with an arbitrary gauge group G and add some N=2, N=1 and N=0 deformation terms.…
We argue that the approximate ``Casimir scaling'' of the string tensions of higher-representation Wilson loops is an effect due to the finite thickness of center vortex configurations. It is shown, in the context of a simple model of the…