Related papers: Small-x Physics: From HERA to LHC and beyond
Recent experimental results on the partonic structure of the photon and on the color singlet exchange in strong interaction processes are reviewed. At the LEP electron-positron and HERA lepton-proton colliders, complementary and consistent…
The physics, and a design, of a Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) are sketched. With high luminosity, 10^{33}cm^{-2}s^{-1}, and high energy, \sqrt{s}=1.4 TeV, such a collider can be built in which a 70 GeV electron (positron) beam in…
The physics programme and the design are described of a new collider for particle and nuclear physics, the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC), in which a newly built electron beam of 60 GeV, up to possibly 140 GeV, energy collides with…
Deep inelastic electron scattering (DIS) from nucleons at low values of the Bjorken variable $x \cong Q^2/W^2 \lsim ~ 0.1$ proceeds via fluctuations of the photon into quark-antiquark dipole states that subsequently interact with the gluon…
After fifteen years of running and a further five years of analysis, the final inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross sections from H1 and ZEUS have been published. Measurements of neutral current and charged current processes in ep…
The measurement of hard scattering processes, meaning those with energy scales of more than a few GeV, is the main method by which physics is being explored and extended by the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider. We review the…
We review the evolution of the studies of diffractive processes in the strong interaction over the last 60 years. First, we briefly outline the early developments of the theory based on analyticity and unitarity of the S-matrix, including…
In this talk, the recent data on diffractive electron-proton interactions at HERA are reviewed. The question of diffraction as a soft or hard process is addressed and discussed in the context of inclusive diffraction, vector meson…
Recent results on the properties of the hadronic final state at the HERA collider are presented. Strangeness production and correlations have been studied in the laboratory system for deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Inclusive $K^0_S$,…
Hadron production in single and central diffraction dissociation is studied in a model which includes soft hadron interaction as controlled by a supercritical pomeron parametrization and hard diffraction. Within this model, particle…
The recent theory developments and latest experimental results on heavy-flavour production in Deep Inelastic Scattering and at hadron colliders are summarized. Models of heavy quarkonia production, non-perturbative corrections to…
We calculate production rates for several hard processes in ultraperipheral proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC. The resulting high rates demonstrate that some key directions in small $x$ research proposed for HERA will…
Coherence phenomena, and the non-universality of parton structure of the effective Pomeron are explained. New hard phenomena directly calculable in QCD such as diffractive electroproduction of states with $M^2\ll Q^2$ as well as new options…
The observation of neutrinos produced in LHC collisions by the far-forward FASER and SND@LHC experiments in 2023 herald the new era of collider neutrino physics. These high-intensity forward neutrino fluxes from proton-proton LHC collisions…
In this paper an introduction to the physics of deep-inelastic scattering is given together with an account of some of the most recent results on the proton structure obtained in electron-- and positron--proton collisions at the HERA…
We analyse the possibilities for the study of inclusive diffraction offered by future electron--proton/nucleus colliders in the TeV regime, the Large Hadron-electron Collider as an upgrade of the HL-LHC and the Future Circular Collider in…
Measurements of the deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) of leptons and nucleons, $e+p\to e+X$, allow the extraction of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) which describe the longitudinal momentum carried by the quarks, anti-quarks and gluons…
The semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering of electrons off the deuteron ($^2H \equiv D$) and $^3He$ with detection of slow protons and deuterons, respectively, i.e. the processes $D(e,e'p)X$ and $^3He(e,e'D)X$, are calculated within the…
We present our analysis on the high energy scattering processes in the framework of the holographic QCD, assuming that the Pomeron exchange gives a dominant contribution to the cross sections. Focusing on the two-body scattering, we employ…
In this paper we present a comprehensive study of inclusive hadron production in DIS at low $x$. Properties of the hadron spectrum are different in different kinematic regions formed by three relevant momentum scales: photon virtuality…