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We derive a Lagrangian density of Dirac field by employing the local gauge invariance and the Maxwell equation as the fundamental principle. The only assumption made here is that the fermion field should have four components. The present…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Fujita , S. Kanemaki , S. Oshima

The Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the Bianchi Class A cosmological models is expressed generally in terms of the second-order differential equation like the Klein-Gordon equation. To obtain the positive-definite probability density, a new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hidetomo Yamazaki

In recent years, an extensive survey on various wave equations of relativistic quantum mechanics with different types of potential interactions has been a line of great interest. In this regime, special attention has been given to the Dirac…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-11 K. J Oyewumi , B. J. Falaye , C. A. Onate , O. J. Oluwadare , W. A Yahya

We review different definitions of the current density for quantized fermions in the presence of an external electromagnetic field. Several deficiencies in the popular prescription due to Schwinger and the mode sum formula for static…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-21 Jan Schlemmer , Jochen Zahn

To solve the Dirac equation with the finite difference method, one has to face up to the spurious-state problem due to the fermion doubling problem when using the conventional central difference formula to calculate the first-order…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-11-30 Ying Zhang , Yuxuan Bao , Jinniu Hu , Hong Shen

The behaviour of a Dirac electron in graphene, under magnetic fields which are orthogonal to the layer, is studied. The initial problem is reduced to an equivalent one, where two one-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger Hamiltonians $H^{\pm}$ are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Miguel Castillo-Celeita , David J. Fernández C

This paper investigates a background charge one Skyrme field chirally coupled to light fermions on the 3-sphere. The Dirac equation for the system commutes with a generalised angular momentum or grand spin. It can be solved explicitly for a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-01-15 Stephen W. Goatham , Steffen Krusch

A simple translation between a standard representation of $\mathfrak{sl}_2\mathbb{C}$ and the complex-quaternions ($\mathbb{H}\otimes_\mathbb{R}\mathbb{C}$) is established and exploited to construct a novel hyper-complex description of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 James Henry Atwater , David Lambert , Yuri Rostovtsev

We develop the general theory of spinning particles with electric and magnetic dipole moments moving in arbitrary electromagnetic, inertial and gravitational fields. Both the quantum-mechanical and classical dynamics is investigated. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-15 Yuri N. Obukhov , Alexander J. Silenko , Oleg V. Teryaev

The question of how does the Dirac equation depend on the choice of the $\gamma$ matrices has partially been addressed and explored in the literature. In this paper we focus on this question by considering a general form of $\gamma$…

General Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 H. Moaiery , M. N. Najafi

For a spin-1/2 particle moving in a background magnetic field in noncommutative phase space, Dirac equation is solved when the particle is allowed to move off the plane that the magnetic field is perpendicular to. It is shown that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Mai-Lin Liang , Ya-Bin Zhang , Rui-Lin Yang , Fu-Lin Zhang

We consider a Dirac equation set on an extended spin space that contains fermion and boson solutions. At given dimension, it determines the scalar symmetries. The standard field equations can be equivalently written in terms of such degrees…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 J. Besprosvany

We present a new analysis of the connection between the classical conservation theorems and the role played by the Dirac matrices in order to obtain a four spinor version of the Dirac equation for the two electrons bound problem. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-30 Daniel L. Nascimento , Antonio L. A. Fonseca

This study explores the Feshbach-Villars (FV) formalism for spin-1/2 particles in curved spacetime. We derive the Hamiltonian form of the Dirac equation in this context and extend the FV transformation accordingly. The generalized…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-25 Abdelmalek Boumali

Some new expressions are found, concerning the one-loop effective action of four dimensional massive and massless Dirac fermions in the presence of general uniform electric and magnetic fields, with $\vec E\cdot \vec H\neq 0$ and $\vec E…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Roberto Soldati , Lorenzo Sorbo

The quaternion Dirac equation in presence of generalized electromagnetic field has been discussed in terms of two gauge potentials of dyons. Accordingly, the supersymmetry has been established consistently and thereafter the one, two and…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. S. Rawat , Seema Rawat , Tianjun Li , O. P. S. Negi

We construct a solution to the equation of motion of Hamiltonian lattice QCD in the strong coupling limit using Wilson fermions which exactly diagonalizes the Hamiltonian to second order in the field operators. This solution obeys the free…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Yasuo Umino

The behavior of spin-1/2 particle in a weak static gravitational field is considered. The Dirac Hamiltonian is diagonalized by the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation providing also the simple form for the momentum and spin polarization…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 A. J. Silenko , O. V. Teryaev

The semiclassical approximation for the Hamiltonian of Dirac particles interacting with an arbitrary gravitational field is investigated. The time dependence of the metrics leads to new contributions to the in-band energy operator in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-19 Pierre Gosselin , Herve Mohrbach

The first order form of a three dimensional U(1) gauge theory in which a gauge invariant mass term appears is analyzed using the Dirac procedure. The form of the gauge transformation which leaves the action invariant is derived from the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 R. N. Ghalati , N. Kiriushcheva , S. V. Kuzmin , D. G. C. McKeon