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We apply a subtracted dispersion relation (DR) formalism with the aim to improve predictions for the two-photon exchange (TPE) corrections to elastic electron-proton scattering observables at small momentum transfers. We study the formalism…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-02-01 O. Tomalak

Modern experiments with heavy ion-leptons collisions open the possibility to measure the deviation of cross section of small angles electron(positron)-ion elastic scattering from the Rutherford formula due to multiple virtual photons…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-08-18 E. A. Kuraev , M. Shatnev , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson

We investigate corrections to the handbag approach for wide-angle Compton scattering off protons at moderately large momentum transfer: the photon-parton subprocess is calculated to next-to-leading order QCD and contributions from the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 H. W. Huang , P. Kroll , T. Morii

The angular distribution of low-frequency radiation after single scattering by an isotropic distribution of relativistic electrons considerably differs from the Rayleigh angular function. In particular, the scattering by an ensemble of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Sergei Y. Sazonov , Rashid A. Sunyaev

The effects of two-photon exchange corrections, suggested to explain the difference between measurements of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors using the polarization transfer and Rosenbluth techniques, have been studied in…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-11-18 V. Tvaskis , J. Arrington , M. E. Christy , R. Ent , C. E. Keppel , Y. Liang , G. Vittorini

We have measured the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry $A_n$ in the elastic scattering of 1-3 GeV transversely polarized electrons from $^1$H and for the first time from $^4$He, $^{12}$C, and $^{208}$Pb. For $^1$H, $^4$He and $^{12}$C, the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-11 The HAPPEX , PREX Collaborations , : , S. Abrahamyan , A. Acha , A. Afanasev , Z. Ahmed , H. Albataineh , K. Aniol , D. S. Armstrong , W. Armstrong , J. Arrington , T. Averett , B. Babineau , S. L. Bailey , J. Barber , A. Barbieri , A. Beck , V. Bellini , R. Beminiwattha , H. Benaoum , J. Benesch , F. Benmokhtar , P. Bertin , T. Bielarski , W. Boeglin , P. Bosted , F. Butaru , E. Burtin , J. Cahoon , A. Camsonne , M. Canan , P. Carter , C. C. Chang , G. D. Cates , Y. C. Chao , C. Chen , J. P. Chen , Seonho Choi , E. Chudakov , E. Cisbani , B. Craver , F. Cusanno , M. M. Dalton , R. De Leo , K. de Jager , W. Deconinck , P. Decowski , D. Deepa , X. Deng , A. Deur , D. Dutta , A. Etile , C. Ferdi , R. J. Feuerbach , J. M. Finn , D. Flay , G. B. Franklin , M. Friend , S. Frullani , E. Fuchey , S. A. Fuchs , K. Fuoti , F. Garibaldi , E. Gasser , R. Gilman , A. Giusa , A. Glamazdin , L. E. Glesener , J. Gomez , M. Gorchtein , J. Grames , K. Grimm , C. Gu , O. Hansen , J. Hansknecht , O. Hen , D. W. Higinbotham , R. S. Holmes , T. Holmstrom , C. J. Horowitz , J. Hoskins , J. Huang , T. B. Humensky , C. E. Hyde , H. Ibrahim , F. Itard , C. M. Jen , E. Jensen , X. Jiang , G. Jin , S. Johnston , J. Katich , L. J. Kaufman , A. Kelleher , K. Kliakhandler , P. M. King , A. Kolarkar , S. Kowalski , E. Kuchina , K. S. Kumar , L. Lagamba , D. Lambert , P. LaViolette , J. Leacock , J. Leckey , J. H. Lee , J. J. LeRose , D. Lhuillier , R. Lindgren , N. Liyanage , N. Lubinsky , J. Mammei , F. Mammoliti , D. J. Margaziotis , P. Markowitz , M. Mazouz , K. McCormick , A. McCreary , D. McNulty , D. G. Meekins , L. Mercado , Z. E. Meziani , R. W. Michaels , M. Mihovilovic , B. Moffit , P. Monaghan , N. Muangma , C. Munoz-Camacho , S. Nanda , V. Nelyubin , D. Neyret , Nuruzzaman , Y. Oh , K. Otis , A. Palmer , D. Parno , K. D. Paschke , S. K. Phillips , M. Poelker , R. Pomatsalyuk , M. Posik , M. Potokar , K. Prok , A. J. R. Puckett , X. Qian , Y. Qiang , B. Quinn , A. Rakhman , P. E. Reimer , B. Reitz , S. Riordan , J. Roche , P. Rogan , G. Ron , G. Russo , K. Saenboonruang , A. Saha , B. Sawatzky , A. Shahinyan , R. Silwal , J. Singh , S. Sirca , K. Slifer , R. Snyder , P. Solvignon , P. A. Souder , M. L. Sperduto , R. Subedi , M. L. Stutzman , R. Suleiman , V. Sulkosky , C. M. Sutera , W. A. Tobias , W. Troth , G. M. Urciuoli , P. Ulmer , A. Vacheret , E. Voutier , B. Waidyawansa , D. Wang , K. Wang , J. Wexler , A. Whitbeck , R. Wilson , B. Wojtsekhowski , X. Yan , H. Yao , Y. Ye , Z. Ye , V. Yim , L. Zana , X. Zhan , J. Zhang , Y. Zhang , X. Zheng , V. Ziskin , P. Zhu

We theoretically investigate a scattering configuration in Compton scattering, in which the orientation of the electron spin is reversed and simultaneously, the photon polarization changes from linear polarization into circular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-11 Sven Ahrens , Chang-Pu Sun

A measurement of the virtual-photon asymmetry A_2(x,Q^2) and of the spin-structure function g_2(x,Q^2) of the proton are presented for the kinematic range 0.004 < x < 0.9 and 0.18 GeV^2 < Q^2 < 20 GeV^2. The data were collected by the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-03 The HERMES Collaboration , A. Airapetian , N. Akopov , Z. Akopov , E. C. Aschenauer , W. Augustyniak , R. Avakian , A. Avetissian , E. Avetisyan , S. Belostotski , N. Bianchi , H. P. Blok , A. Borissov , J. Bowles , V. Bryzgalov , J. Burns , M. Capiluppi , G. P. Capitani , E. Cisbani , G. Ciullo , M. Contalbrigo , P. F. Dalpiaz , W. Deconinck , R. De Leo , L. De Nardo , E. De Sanctis , M. Diefenthaler , P. Di Nezza , M. Düren , M. Ehrenfried , G. Elbakian , F. Ellinghaus , A. Fantoni , L. Felawka , S. Frullani , D. Gabbert , G. Gapienko , V. Gapienko , F. Garibaldi , G. Gavrilov , V. Gharibyan , F. Giordano , S. Gliske , M. Golembiovskaya , C. Hadjidakis , M. Hartig , D. Hasch , A. Hillenbrand , M. Hoek , Y. Holler , I. Hristova , Y. Imazu , A. Ivanilov , H. E. Jackson , H. S. Jo , S. Joosten , R. Kaiser , G. Karyan , T. Keri , E. Kinney , A. Kisselev , V. Korotkov , V. Kozlov , P. Kravchenko , V. G. Krivokhijine , L. Lagamba , L. Lapikás , I. Lehmann , P. Lenisa , A. López Ruiz , W. Lorenzon , B. -Q. Ma , D. Mahon , N. C. R. Makins , S. I. Manaenkov , L. Manfré , Y. Mao , B. Marianski , A. Martinez de la Ossa , H. Marukyan , C. A. Miller , Y. Miyachi , A. Movsisyan , V. Muccifora , M. Murray , A. Mussgiller , E. Nappi , Y. Naryshkin , A. Nass , M. Negodaev , W. -D. Nowak , L. L. Pappalardo , R. Perez-Benito , A. Petrosyan , P. E. Reimer , A. R. Reolon , C. Riedl , K. Rith , G. Rosner , A. Rostomyan , J. Rubin , D. Ryckbosch , Y. Salomatin , F. Sanftl , A. Schäfer , G. Schnell , K. P. Schüler , B. Seitz , T. -A. Shibata , V. Shutov , M. Stancari , M. Statera , E. Steffens , J. J. M. Steijger , J. Stewart , F. Stinzing , S. Taroian , A. Terkulov , R. Truty , A. Trzcinski , M. Tytgat , A. Vandenbroucke , Y. Van Haarlem , C. Van Hulse , D. Veretennikov , V. Vikhrov , I. Vilardi , S. Wang , S. Yaschenko , Z. Ye , S. Yen , V. Zagrebelnyy , D. Zeiler , B. Zihlmann , P. Zupranski

OLYMPUS is a particle physics experiment that collected data in 2012 at DESY, in Hamburg, Germany, on the asymmetry between positron-proton and electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections. A non-zero asymmetry is evidence of hard…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-11-29 Axel Schmidt

We investigate the effect of two-photon exchange processes upon the rms- and Zemach radii extracted from electron-proton scattering. We find that the changes are small and do not help to explain the discrepancy between experimental and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Peter G. Blunden , Ingo Sick

We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q$^2$) up to 15.75~\gevsq. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-03-24 M. E. Christy , T. Gautam , L. Ou , B. Schmookler , Y. Wang , D. Adikaram , Z. Ahmed , H. Albataineh , S. F. Ali , B. Aljawrneh , K. Allada , S. L. Allison , S. Alsalmi , D. Androic , K. Aniol , J. Annand , J. Arrington , H. Atac , T. Averett , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , X. Bai , J. Bane , S. Barcus , K. Bartlett , V. Bellini , R. Beminiwattha , J. Bericic , H. Bhatt , D. Bhetuwal , D. Biswas , E. Brash , D. Bulumulla , C. M. Camacho , J. Campbell , A. Camsonne , M. Carmignotto , J. Castellanos , C. Chen , J-P. Chen , T. Chetry , E. Cisbani , B. Clary , E. Cohen , N. Compton , J. C. Cornejo , S. Covrig Dusa , B. Crowe , S. Danagoulian , T. Danley , W. Deconinck , M. Defurne , C. Desnault , D. Di , M. Dlamini , M. Duer , B. Duran , R. Ent , C. Fanelli , E. Fuchey , C. Gal , D. Gaskell , F. Georges , S. Gilad , O. Glamazdin , K. Gnanvo , A. V. Gramolin , V. M. Gray , C. Gu , A. Habarakada , T. Hague , G. Hamad , D. Hamilton , K. Hamilton , O. Hansen , F. Hauenstein , A. V. Hernandez , W. Henry , D. W. Higinbotham , T. Holmstrom , T. Horn , Y. Huang , G. M. Huber , C. Hyde , H. Ibrahim , N. Israel , C-M. Jen , K. Jin , M. Jones , A. Kabir , B. Karki , C. Keppel , V. Khachatryan , P. M. King , S. Li , W. Li , H. Liu , J. Liu , A. H. Liyanage , D. Mack , J. Magee , S. Malace , J. Mammei , P. Markowitz , S. Mayilyan , E. McClellan , F. Meddi , D. Meekins , K. Mesick , R. Michaels , A. Mkrtchyan , B. Moffit , R. Montgomery , L. S. Myers , P. Nadel-Turonski , S. J. Nazeer , V. Nelyubin , D. Nguyen , N. Nuruzzaman , M. Nycz , R. F. Obrecht , K. Ohanyan , C. Palatchi , B. Pandey , K. Park , S. Park , C. Peng , F. D. Persio , R. Pomatsalyuk , E. Pooser , A. J. R. Puckett , V. Punjabi , B. Quinn , S. Rahman , M. N. H. Rashad , S. Riordan , J. Roche , I. Sapkota , A. Sarty , B. Sawatzky , N. H. Saylor , M. H. Shabestari , A. Shahinyan , S. Sirca , G. R. Smith , S. Sooriyaarachchilage , N. Sparveris , R. Spies , A. Stefanko , T. Su , A. Subedi , V. Sulkosky , A. Sun , Y. Tan , L. Thorne , N. Ton , F. Tortorici , R. Trotta , R. Uniyal , G. M. Urciuoli , E. Voutier , B. Waidyawansa , B. Wojtsekhowski , S. Wood , X. Yan , L. Ye , Z. H. Ye , C. Yero , J. Zhang , Y. X. Zhao , P. Zhu

The first observation of an azimuthal cross--section asymmetry with respect to the charge of the incoming lepton beam is reported from a study of hard exclusive electroproduction of real photons. The data have been accumulated by the HERMES…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2012-08-03 The HERMES Collaboration , A. Airapetian

In this note we give arguments in favor of the statement that the contribution of the box diagram calculated for electron muon elastic scattering can be considered an upper limit to electron proton scattering. As an exact QED calculation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-18 E. A. Kuraev , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson

We consider radiative corrections to polarization observables in elastic electron-proton scattering, in particular, for the polarization transfer measurements of the proton form factor ratio $\mu G_E/G_M$. The corrections are of two types:…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-08-27 Dmitry Borisyuk , Alexander Kobushkin

Solid ammonia (NH$_3$) is commonly used as a dynamically polarized proton target for electron and muon scattering cross-section asymmetry measurements. As spin 1$^{+}$ particles, the $^{14}$N nuclei in the target are also polarized and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-10-02 Moshe Friedman , Jessica Campbell , Donal Day , Douglas W. Higinbotham , Adam Sarty , Guy Ron

The backward Compton scattering is a basic process at future higher energy photon colliders. To obtain a high probability of e->gamma conversion the density of laser photons in the conversion region should be so high that simultaneous…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Galynskii , E. Kuraev , M. Levchuk , V. Telnov

Measurements of the ratio of the elastic form factors of the proton ($\mu_pG_E/G_M$) exhibit a strong discrepancy. Experiments using unpolarized beams and Rosenbluth separation to determine the form factors have found values of the ratio…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-09-21 Brian S. Henderson

Using the Coulomb Eikonal Phase associated with a transversely polarized nucleon, we calculate the azimuthal single spin asymmetry of unpolarized electrons elastically scattered from a transversely polarized nucleon target. The azimuthal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-06 Tareq Alhalholy , Matthias Burkardt

We report on the status of the Novosibirsk experiment on a precision measurement of the ratio $R$ of the elastic $e^+ p$ and $e^- p$ scattering cross sections. Such measurements determine the two-photon exchange effect in elastic…

We compute the corrections from two-photon and photon-Z exchange in parity-violating elastic electron-proton scattering, used to extract the strange form factors of the proton. We use a hadronic formalism that successfully reconciled the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. A. Tjon , W. Melnitchouk