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Strings in $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric ${\rm U}(1)^N$ gauge theories with $N$ hypermultiplets are studied in the generic setting of an arbitrary Fayet-Iliopoulos triplet of parameters for each gauge group and an invertible charge matrix.…
We argue that screening of higher-representation color charges by gluons implies a domain structure in the vacuum state of non-abelian gauge theories, with the color magnetic flux in each domain quantized in units corresponding to the gauge…
Bosonic string formation in gauge theories is reviewed with particular attention to the confining flux in lattice QCD and its string theory description. Recent results on the Casimir energy of the ground state and the string excitation…
We study the continuum limit of the string-like behaviour of flux tubes formed between static quarks and anti-quarks in three dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory. We compare our simulation data with the predictions of both effective…
We calculate the energy spectrum of closed strings in SU(N) gauge theories with N=2,3,4,6,8 in 2+1 dimensions to a high accuracy. We attempt to control all systematic errors, and this allows us to perform a precise comparison with different…
Soliton transport in tube-like networks is studied by solving the nonlinear Schroedinger equation (NLSE) on finite thickness ("fat") graphs. The dependence of the solution and of the reflection at vertices on the graph thickness and on the…
We study monopoles and vortices in SU(2) lattice gauge theory on a 24**4 lattice at beta=2.50. We find a value of fundamental string tension from monopoles in the maximum Abelian gauge consistent with the full SU(2) value. Using direct and…
A new parametrization is introduced for the fixed point (FP) action in SU(3) gauge theory using fat links. We investigate its scaling properties by means of the static quark-antiquark potential and the dimensionless quantities $r_0 T_c,…
We perform a detailed study of the adjoint static potential in the pseudoparticle approach, which is a model for SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. We find agreement with the Casimir scaling hypothesis and there is clear evidence for string breaking.…
The baryonic potential in the framework of the SU(3) random vortex world-surface model is evaluated for a variety of static color source geometries. For comparison, carefully taking into consideration the string tension anisotropy…
We present numerical evidence that supports the theory of quark confinement based on center vortex condensation. We introduce a special gauge ("maximal center gauge") and center projection, suitable for identification of center vortices.…
We report on two recent developments in the center vortex theory of confinement: (i) the asymptotic scaling of the vortex density, as measured in Monte Carlo simulations; and (ii) an explanation of Casimir scaling and the adjoint string…
We propose three different lattice operators to measure the intrinsic width \xi_I of the chromoelectric flux tube in pure lattice gauge theories. In order to test these proposals we evaluate them for SU(2) and Ising LGTs in (2+1) dimensions…
We study flux tubes on Higgs branches with curved geometry in supersymmetric gauge theories. As a first example we consider N=1 QED with one flavor of charges and with Higgs branch curved by adding a Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term. We show that…
We gauge fix 600 SU(3) beta=6.0 configurations on a 16^4 lattice to a simple form of the maximal abelian gauge. We project the SU(3) valued links to the U(1)xU(1) subgroup, and extract U(1)xU(1) and monopole string tensions. After gauge…
We report on calculations of the heavy quark potential in SU(3) lattice gauge theory. Full SU(3) results are compared to three cases which involve gauge-fixing and projection. All of these start from the maximal abelian gauge (MAG), in its…
Numerical data for the SU(2) confining string in the maximal abelian projection are analysed. The distribution of the electric flux and monopole currents are perfectly described by the classical equations of motion for the dual Abelian…
We discuss the possible applications of string theory for the construction of generalizations of the $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ standard model of strong and electroweak interactions. This includes an investigation of effective $d=4$…
We apply a recently developed effective string theory for vortex lines to the case of two-dimensional trapped superfluids. We do not assume a perturbative microscopic description for the superfluid, but only a gradient expansion for the…
Using a three-level algorithm we perform a high-precision lattice computation of the static force up to 1fm in the 2+1 dimensional SU(5) gauge theory. Discretization errors and the continuum limit are discussed in detail. By comparison with…