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I review recent developments in determining the QCD phase diagram by means of lattice simulations. Since the invention of methods to side-step the sign problem a few years ago, a number of additional variants have been proposed, and…
Lattice techniques are the most reliable ones to investigate the QCD phase diagram in the temperature-baryon density (chemical potential) plane. These techniques are, however, well-known to be saddled with a variety of problems at nonzero…
We will discuss here some of the recent results obtained from lattice simulations of QCD at non-zero temperature. Such calculations aim at a quantitative understanding of the thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter in equilibrium. We…
Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is an approach used by theoretical physicists to model the strong nuclear force. This works at the sub-nuclear scale to bind quarks together into hadrons including the proton and neutron. One of the long…
We present an overview of the status of the studies related to the phase diagram of strong interactions through high-energy nuclear collisions. We discuss both the theoretical and experimental status of establishing the various QCD phase…
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram is usually plotted as temperature (T) versus the chemical potential associated with the conserved baryon number (\mu_{B}). Two fundamental properties of QCD, related to confinement and chiral…
At high temperatures or densities matter formed by strongly interacting elementary particles (hadronic matter) is expected to undergo a transition to a new form of matter - the quark gluon plasma - in which elementary particles (quarks and…
I discuss different approaches to finite density lattice QCD. In particular, I focus on the structure of the phase diagram and discuss attempts to determine the location of the critical end-point. Recent results on the transiton line as…
A survey is given of recent QCD theory advances concerning the phase diagram, in particular the indications for a critical point and adjacent first order phase transition at high baryo-chemical potential, and the new ideas concerning a…
We review recent progress in lattice QCD at finite density. The phase diagram of QCD and the equation of state at finite temperature and density are discussed. In particular, we focus on the critical point terminating a first order phase…
Search for a proper and realistic equation of state (EOS) for strongly interacting matter used in the study of the QCD phase diagram still appears as a challenging problem. Recently, we constructed a hybrid model description for the quark…
Critical behaviors of quark-hadron phase transition in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are investigated with the aim of identifying hadronic observables. The surface of the plasma cylinder is mapped onto a 2D lattice. The Ising model is…
In nucleus-nucleus collisions at relativistic energies a new kind of matter is created, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The phase diagram of such matter and the chemical freeze-out points will be presented in connection to the pseudo-critical…
The thermal restoration of chiral symmetry in QCD is known to proceed by an analytic crossover, which is widely expected to turn into a phase transition with a critical endpoint as the baryon density is increased. In the absence of a…
A survey is given on selected topics of physics in the non-perturbative, hadronic sector of the QCD phase diagramme. Following a brief QCD primer, some highlights of Lattice QCD are summarised. Chiral effective field theory as the…
Lattice Gauge Theory enables an ab initio study of the low-energy properties of Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of the strong interaction. I begin these lectures by presenting the lattice formulation of QCD, and then outline the…
I review recent theoretical developments which show how a key qualitative feature of the QCD phase diagram, namely a critical point which in a sense defines the landscape which heavy ion collision experiments are seeking to map, can be…
Search of a proper and realistic equations of state (EOS) for strongly interacting matter used in the study of QCD phase diagram still appears as a challenging task. Recently, we have constructed a hybrid model description for the quark…
I first sketch recent developments concerning the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter as a function of temperature and baryon density, obtained using a model for two-flavor QCD in which the interaction between quarks is modelled on…
At sufficiently high temperature and density, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is expected to undergo a phase transition from the confined phase to the quark-gluon plasma phase. In the Lagrangian lattice formulation the Monte Carlo method works…