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We consider tests of Lorentz invariance for the photon and fermion sector that use vacuum and matter-filled cavities. Assumptions on the wave-function of the electrons in crystals are eliminated from the underlying theory and accurate…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Holger Mueller

While Lorentz invariance, the fundamental symmetry of Einstein's theory of General Relativity, has been tested to a great level of detail, Grand Unified Theories that combine gravity with the other three fundamental forces may result in a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-19 Fabian Kislat , Henric Krawczynski

We present details from a recent test of Lorentz and CPT symmetry using hydrogen masers. We have placed a new limit on Lorentz and CPT violation of the proton in terms of a recent standard model extension by placing a bound on sidereal…

A test of Lorentz invariance for electromagnetic waves was performed by comparing the resonance frequencies of two optical resonators as a function of orientation in space. In terms of the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl theory, we obtain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Antonini , M. Okhapkin , E. Göklü , S. Schiller

In the last decade, a variety of high-precision experiments have searched for miniscule violations of Lorentz symmetry. These searches are largely motivated by the possibility of uncovering experimental signatures from a fundamental unified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Quentin G. Bailey

Lorentz Invariance (LI) is the founding postulate of Einstein's 1905 theory of relativity, and therefore at the heart of all accepted theories of physics. It characterizes the invariance of the laws of physics in inertial frames under…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-16 Peter Wolf , Fréderic Chapelet , Sebastien Bize , Andre Clairon

We consider different renormalizable models of Lorentz invariance violation. We show that the limits on birefringence of the propagation of cosmic microwave background photons from the five year data of the Wilkinson microwave anisotropy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-08 Tina Kahniashvili , Ruth Durrer , Yurii Maravin

We report on a test of Lorentz invariance performed by comparing the resonance frequencies of one stationary optical resonator and one continuously rotating on a precision air bearing turntable. Special attention is paid to the control of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Sven Herrmann , Alexander Senger , Evgeny Kovalchuk , Holger Müller , Achim Peters

We present a Michelson-Morley type experiment for testing the isotropy of the speed of light in vacuum and matter. The experiment compares the resonance frequency of a monolithic optical sapphire resonator with the resonance frequency of an…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-08-23 M. Nagel , K. Möhle , K. Döringshoff , S. Herrmann , A. Senger , E. V. Kovalchuk , A. Peters

We have studied the effect of hypothetical violations of Lorentz and CPT symmetry by calculating the corrections to the energy levels of hydrogen induced by the Standard-Model Extension (SME). Hydrogen studies are interesting because the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Gregory S. Adkins , Theodore J. Yoder

A recent experiment by Antonini et. al. [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 71}, 050101R 2005], set new limits on Lorentz violating parameters in the frame-work of the photon sector of the Standard Model Extension (SME), $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}^{ZZ}$, and the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael E. Tobar , Peter Wolf , Paul L. Stanwix

A hypothetical violation of Lorentz invariance in the electrons' equation of motion (expressed within the Lorentz-violating extension of the standard model) leads to a change of the geometry of crystals and thus shifts the resonance…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Holger Mueller , Sven Herrmann , Alejandro Saenz , Achim Peters , Claus Laemmerzahl

Standard-model extension (SME) is an effective field theory introducing all possible Lorentz-violating (LV) operators to the standard model (SM) and general relativity (GR). In the pure-gravity sector of minimal SME (mSME), nine…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-25 Lijing Shao

Lorentz symmetry (LS), one of the most fundamental physical symmetries, has been extensively studied in the context of quantum gravity and unification theories. Many of these theories predict a LS violation, which could arise from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-16 Cheng-Gang Qin , Jun Ke , Qin Li , Ya-Fen Chen , Jie Luo , Yu-Jie Tan , Cheng-Gang Shao

For the purpose of searching for Lorentz-invariance violation in the minimal Standard-Model Extension, we perfom a reanalysis of data obtained from the $^{133}\text{Cs}$ fountain clock operating at SYRTE. The previous study led to new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-25 H. Pihan-Le Bars , C. Guerlin , Q. G. Bailey , S. Bize , P. Wolf

We use the recent reanalysis of multi-TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 501 to constrain the Lorentz invariance breaking parameter involving the maximum electron velocity. Our limit is two orders of magnitude better than that obtained from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-09 F. W. Stecker , Sheldon L. Glashow

In attempts to unify the four known fundamental forces in a single quantum-consistent theory, it is suggested that Lorentz symmetry may be broken at the Planck scale. Here we search for Lorentz violation at the low-energy limit by comparing…

Rovibrational transitions in the hydrogen and antihydrogen molecular ions $H_2^+$ and $\overline{H}_2^-$ offer the possibility of testing Lorentz and CPT symmetry to extremely high precision, in principle attaining $O(10^{-17})$. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-20 Graham M Shore

We discuss the consequences of Lorentz violation (as expressed within the Lorentz-violating extension of the standard model) for the hydrogen molecule, which represents a generic model of a molecular binding. Lorentz-violating shifts of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Holger Mueller , Sven Herrmann , Alejandro Saenz , Achim Peters , Claus Laemmerzahl

Lorentz invariance (LI) is a foundational principle of modern physics, yet its possible violation (LIV) remains an intriguing window to physics beyond the Standard Model. While stringent constraints exist in the electromagnetic and hadronic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-30 Z. Kepuladze , J. Jejelava