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Related papers: Observational Critical QCD

200 papers

Multiplicity fluctuations are studied both globaly (in terms of high-order moments) and locally (in terms of small phase-space intervals). The ratio of cumulant factorial to factorial moments of the charged-particle multiplicity…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-10-30 W. Kittel , S. V. Chekanov , D. J. Mangeol , W. J. Metzger

We discuss several possible caveats which arise with the interpretation of measurements of fluctuations in heavy ion collisions. We especially focus on the ratios of particle yields, which has been advocated as a possible signature of a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-08-04 Michael Hauer , Sascha Vogel

In this paper, we introduce a freeze-out scheme for the dynamical models near the QCD critical point through coupling the decoupled classical particles with the order parameter field. With a modified distribution function that satisfies…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-14 Lijia Jiang , Pengfei Li , Huichao Song

Heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies probe matter at extreme conditions of temperatures and energy densities. The study of event-by-event fluctuations of experimental observables is crucial to probe the QCD phase transition, locate…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-12-30 Tapan K. Nayak

We review recent results of net-proton multiplicity fluctuations from STAR experiment, aiming to locate the QCD critical point in high-energy nuclear collisions at RHIC. We show net-proton number cumulant and proton number factorial…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2026-04-15 Yu Zhang , Zhaohui Wang , Xiaofeng Luo , Nu Xu

Fluctuations of conserved charges are a golden channel for measuring a QCD critical point in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These fluctuations are quantified by measuring high-order cumulants of baryon-number distributions at a given…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-10-17 Zachary Sweger , Daniel Cebra , Xin Dong

The event-by-event fluctuations of suitably chosen observables in heavy ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC can tell us about the thermodynamic properties of the hadronic system at freeze-out. By studying these fluctuations as a function of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-25 M. Stephanov , K. Rajagopal , E. Shuryak

Monte Carlo event generators are the central interface between theoretical calculations and experimental measurements in collider physics. Over several decades, a comprehensive and highly modular ecosystem of tools has developed around…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-18 Melissa van Beekveld , Enrico Bothmann , Andy Buckley , Christian Gütschow , Peter Skands , Ramon Winterhalder

The exploration of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram is a central goal of relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. This review focuses on the role of fluctuations and correlations as sensitive probes of the phase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-05 Volker Koch , Volodymyr Vovchenko

The existence and location of the QCD critical point is an object of both experimental and theoretical studies. The comprehensive data collected by the NA61/SHINE during a two-dimensional scan in beam momentum (13A-150A GeV/c) and system…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-08-10 Haradhan Adhikary

Within the framework of intermittency analysis, a search for critical fluctuations is ongoing to locate the possible critical point in the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram. In this study, self-similar critical fluctuations from a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-12-09 Jin Wu , Zhiming Li , Xiaofeng Luo , Mingmei Xu , Yuanfang Wu

The investigation of remnants associated with the QCD chiral critical point is a primary objective in high-energy ion collision experiments. Numerous studies indicate that a scaling relation between higher-order factorial moments of hadron…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-02-27 Valeria Zelina Reyna Ortiz , Maciej Rybczynski , Zbigniew Wlodarczyk

This report summarizes the presentations and discussions during the Rapid Reaction Task Force "Dynamics of critical fluctuations: Theory -- phenomenology -- heavy-ion collisions", which was organized by the ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI and…

QCD is the accepted (that is, the effective) theory of the strong interaction; studies at colliders are no longer designed to establish this. Such studies can now be divided into two categories. The first involves the identification of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-11-11 J. M. Butterworth

A theoretical scheme which relates multiparticle states generated in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions to a QCD phase transition is considered in the framework of the universality class provided by the 3-D Ising model. Two different…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 N. G. Antoniou , Y. F. Contoyiannis , F. K. Diakonos , A. I. Karanikas , C. N. Ktorides

A QCD-based treatment of projectile size fluctuations is used to compute inelastic diffractive cross sections $\sigma_{diff}$ for coherent hadron-nuclear processes. We find that fluctuations near the average size give the major contribution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-22 L. Frankfurt , l , G. A. Miller , M. Strikman

We show that the Linear Sigma Model with quarks produces an effective description of the QCD phase diagram and of the system's equilibrium distribution properties that deviate from those of the Hadron Resonance Gas Model. The deviation is…

For the discovery of the QCD critical point it is crucial to develop dynamical models of the fluctuations of the net-baryon number that can be embedded in simulations of heavy-ion collisions. In this proceeding, we study the dynamical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Masakiyo Kitazawa , Grégoire Pihan , Nathan Touroux , Marcus Bluhm , Marlene Nahrgang

Multiplicity fluctuations are one of the most crucial observables in the Beam Energy Scan program of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. It is understood that they can be utilized to probe the whereabouts of the critical point on the phase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-02-12 Hong-Hao Ma , Dan Wen , Kai Lin , Wei-Liang Qian , Bin Wang , Yogiro Hama , Takeshi Kodama

We will provide a review of some of the physics which can be addressed by studying fluctuations and correlations in heavy ion collisions. We will discuss Lattice QCD results on fluctuations and correlations and will put them into context…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-10-15 Volker Koch