Related papers: Baryon Stopping and the Valence Quark Distribution…
It is not obvious which partons in the proton carry its baryon number (BN). We present arguments that BN is associated with a specific topology of gluonic fields, rather than with the valence quarks. The BN distribution is easily confused…
We calculate the inclusive small-x valence quark production cross section in proton-nucleus collisions at high energies. The calculation is performed in the framework of the Color Glass Condensate formalism. We consider both the case when…
We reconsider baryon stopping in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in a nonequilibrium-statistical framework. The approach combines earlier formulations based on quantum chromodynamics with a relativistic diffusion model through a suitably…
During the early development of Quantum Chromodynamics, it was proposed that baryon number could be carried by a non-perturbative Y-shaped topology of gluon fields, called the gluon junction, rather than by the valence quarks as in the QCD…
Baryon numbers are carried by valence quarks in the standard QCD picture of the baryon structure, while some theory proposed an alternative baryon number carrier, a non-perturbative Y-shaped configuration of the gluon field, called the…
The higher order moments of the net-baryon distributions in relativistic heavy ion collisions are useful probes for the QCD critical point and fluctuations. We study the net-proton distributions and their moments in a simple model which…
Net-baryon rapidity distributions in central Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon are shown to consist of three components. The nonequilibrium contributions are accounted for in a Relativistic Diffusion Model. Near midrapidity, a third…
Net proton and negative hadron spectra for central \PbPb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon at the CERN SPS were measured and compared to spectra from lighter systems. Net baryon distributions were derived from those of net protons,…
When a diquark does not fragment directly but breaks in such a way that only one of its quarks gets into the produced baryon, the latter is produced closer to mid rapidities. The relative size of this diquark breaking component increases…
Based on a nonequilibrium-statistical relativistic diffusion model that is consistent with quantum chromodynamics (QCD), we investigate baryon stopping in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at SPS, RHIC, and LHC energies. The net-proton…
We report the observation of the existence of a possible universal limit for valence parton distributions that should exist once partonic degrees of freedom are relevant for high energy scattering from strongly interacting bound systems…
A new geometrical scaling method with gluon saturation rapidity limit is proposed to study the gluon saturation feature of the central rapidity region of relativistic nuclear collisions. The net-baryon number is essentially transported by…
We investigate baryon transport in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies reached at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron, BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC), and CERN LHC in the model of saturation. An analytical scaling law is…
Baryon quantum number is believed to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. While fractionally charged valence quarks are understood conventionally to each carry a baryon number of 1/3, the baryon junction, a…
We study the nuclear stopping in high energy nuclear collisions using the constituent quark model. It is assumed that wounded nucleons with different number of interacted quarks hadronize in different ways. The probabilities of having such…
The higher order moments of the net-baryon distributions in relativistic heavy ion collisions are useful probes for the QCD critical point and fluctuations. Within a simple model we study the colliding energy and centrality dependence of…
The rapid thermalization of quarks and gluons in the initial stages of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is treated using analytic solutions of a nonlinear diffusion equation with schematic initial conditions, and for gluons with boundary…
Proton rapidity distributions have been measured by the NA49 collaboration in 40 and 158 GeV/nucleon Pb+Pb collisions as function of collision centrality. We find that the shape and the yield per wounded nucleon in the mid-rapidity region…
We present results for the nucleon's leading-twist spin-independent valence parton distribution functions obtained from a theoretical framework based on the Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs) of QCD that previously gave an excellent…
The method for calculation of valence quark distributions at intermediate $x$ is presented. The imaginary part of the virtual photon forward scattering amplitude on the quark current with meson quantum number is considered. Initial and…