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The Polyakov loop expectation value $\langle P\rangle$ is an order parameter of the deconfinement transition in the heavy quark mass regime, whereas its sensitivity to the deconfinement of light, dynamical quarks is not apparent. From the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-07-17 David Anthony Clarke , Olaf Kaczmarek , Frithjof Karsch , Anirban Lahiri , Mugdha Sarkar

We study the thermodynamics of the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model considering the effects of an effective chiral chemical potential. We offer a new parametrization of the Polyakov-loop potential depending on temperature and the chiral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-11 Francisco X. Azeredo , Dyana C. Duarte , Ricardo L. S. Farias , Gastão Krein , Rudnei O. Ramos

QCD thermodynamics is studied using a model which combines Polyakov loop dynamics with spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and its restoration (the PNJL model). The input is fixed entirely by pure-gauge lattice QCD results and by pion…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Wolfram Weise , Claudia Ratti , Simon Roessner

We study the impact of a finite magnetic field on the deconfinement phase transition for heavy quarks by computing the fluctuations of the Polyakov loops. It is demonstrated that the explicit Z(3) breaking field increases with the magnetic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-27 Pok Man Lo , Michal Szymanski , Chihiro Sasaki , Krzysztof Redlich

We show that the magnitude of the order parameters in Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model, given by the quark condensate and the Polyakov loop, can be used as a criterium to clearly identify, without ambiguities, phases and boundaries…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-06-26 M. Dutra , O. Lourenço , A. Delfino , T. Frederico , M. Malheiro

We construct a hadron-quark two-phase model based on the Walecka-quantum hadrodynamics and the improved Polyakov-Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with an explicit chemical potential dependence of Polyakov-loop potential ($\mu$PNJL model). With…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-07-13 Guo-yun Shao , Zhan-duo Tang , Massimo Di Toro , Maria Colonna , Xue-yan Gao , Ning Gao

In this article, for the first time, we explore the scenario that the dark-QCD sector has a large chemical potential $\mu$ (on the order of magnitude of temperature) of dark quarks. It leads to a complex-valued Polyakov loop and tilts the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-28 Zhaofeng Kang , Jiang Zhu

I report on recent results obtained within the Hamiltonian approach to QCD in Coulomb gauge. Furthermore this approach is compared to recent lattice data, which were obtained by an alternative gauge fixing method and which show an improved…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-12 H. Reinhardt , G. Burgio , D. Campagnari , E. Ebadati , J. Heffner , M. Quandt , P. Vastag , H. Vogt

Two distinct phase transitions occur at different temperatures in QCD with adjoint fermions (aQCD): deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration. In this model, quarks do no explicitely break the center Z(3) symmetry and therefore the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Cossu , M. D'Elia , A. Di Giacomo , G. Lacagnina , C. Pica

We investigate the properties of quarks and gluons above the chiral phase transition temperature $T_c,$ using the RG improved gauge action and the Wilson quark action with two degenerate quarks mainly on a $32^3\times 16$ lattice. In the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-08-24 K. -I. Ishikawa , Y. Iwasaki , Yu Nakayama , T. Yoshie

The chiral symmetry breaking transition of quarks in the fundamental and adjoint representation is studied in a model where the gap equation contains two contributions, one containing a confining propagator and another corresponding to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-01-09 R. M. Capdevilla , A. Doff , A. A. Natale

The appearance of a new phase of QCD, Quarkyonic Matter in the limit of large number of colors is studied within Nambu-Jona-Lassinio effective chiral model coupled to the Polyakov loop. The interplay of this novel QCD phase with chiral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-14 L. McLerran , K. Redlich , C. Sasaki

With combined hopping parameter and strong coupling expansions, we calculate a dimensionally reduced Polyakov-loop effective theory valid for heavy quarks at nonzero temperature and arbitrary chemical potential. We numerically compute the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-06-11 Michael Fromm , Jens Langelage , Stefano Lottini , Mathias Neuman , Owe Philipsen

The phase diagram of QCD is investigated by varying number of colors $N_c$ within a Polyakov loop quark-meson chiral model. In particular, our attention is focused on the critical point(s): the critical point present for $N_c=3$ moves…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-04 Péter Kovács , Győző Kovács , Francesco Giacosa

We derive an analytical gauge-invariant relation between the Polyakov loop $\langle L_P \rangle$ and the Dirac eigenvalues $\lambda_n$ in QCD, i.e., $\langle L_P \rangle \propto \sum_n \lambda_n^{N_t -1} \langle n|\hat U_4|n \rangle$, on a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2013-11-18 Hideo Suganuma , Takahiro M. Doi , Takumi Iritani

We investigate the contribution from each Dirac modes to the Polyakov loop based on a gauge-invariant analytical relation connecting the Polyakov loop and the Dirac modes on a temporally odd-number lattice, where the temporal lattice size…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-01-27 Takahiro M. Doi , Hideo Suganuma , Takumi Iritani

Quenched QCD at zero baryonic chemical potential undergoes a first-order deconfinement phase transition at a critical temperature $T_c$, which is related to the spontaneous breaking of the global center symmetry. The center symmetry is…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-08-08 Reinhold Kaiser , Owe Philipsen

We explore the influence of heavy quarks on the deconfinement phase transition in an effective model for gluons interacting with dynamical quarks in color SU(3). With decreasing quark mass, the strength of the explicit breaking of the Z(3)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-22 Pok Man Lo , Bengt Friman , Krzysztof Redlich

We investigate temperature fluctuations in hot QCD matter using a 3-flavor Polyakov-loop extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. The high-order cumulant ratios $R_{n2}$ ($n>2$) exhibit non-monotonic variations across the chiral phase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-23 He Liu , Peng Wu , Hong-Ming Liu , Peng-Cheng Chu

We write down an effective theory of the Polyakov loop to investigate the deconfinement phase transition of imaginary-rotating gluonic matter using the strong-coupling expansion. We find the strength of the nearest-neighbor Polyakov-loop…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-28 Kenji Fukushima , Yusuke Shimada