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We give an outline of an algorithm designed to reconstruct the background cosmological metric within the class of spherically symmetric dust universes that may include a cosmological constant. Luminosity and age data are used to derive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-29 Hertzog L. Bester , Julien Larena , Nigel T. Bishop

We present a new algorithm that can reconstruct the full distributions of metric components within the class of spherically symmetric dust universes that may include a cosmological constant. The algorithm is capable of confronting this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-07 Hertzog L. Bester , Julien Larena , Nigel T. Bishop

I describe briefly the Cosmic Microwave Background (hereafter CMB) physics which explains why high accuracy observations of its spatial structure are a unique observational tool both for the determination of the global cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francois R. Bouchet

We are at a specific period of modern cosmology, during which the large increase of the amount of data leads to the idea that the determination of cosmological parameters has been achieved with a rather good precision. There is a large…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 A. Blanchard

Phantom cosmology allows to account for dynamics and matter content of the universe tracing back the evolution to the inflationary epoch, considering the transition to the non-phantom standard cosmology (radiation/matter dominated eras) and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Capozziello , S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov

We consider the cosmological application of a (variant of) relatively newly proposed model \cite{1609.06915} unifying inflation, dark energy, dark matter, and the Higgs mechanism. The model was originally defined using additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-21 Denitsa Staicova , Michail Stoilov

A formalism is presented to construct a non-perturbative Grand Unified Theory when gravitational Planck-scale phenomena are included. The fundamental object on the Planck scale is the three-torus T^3 from which the known properties of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Marco Spaans

At the level of the Planck scale, the spacetime metric has to be considered a quantum variable. Conformal quantum fluctuations of the metric tensor are studied here. They lead to an extra term in the Einstein equations which can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alex H. Blin

The accelerating expansion of the universe is the most surprising cosmological discovery in many decades. In this short review, we briefly summarize theories for the origin of cosmic acceleration and the observational methods being used to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-03 Michael J. Mortonson , David H. Weinberg , Martin White

With the goal of studying the cosmological constant (CC) problem, we present an exhaustive analysis of unimodular gravity as a possible candidate to resolve the CC origin and with this, the current Universe acceleration. In this theory, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-28 Miguel A. García-Aspeitia , A. Hernández-Almada , Juan Magaña , V. Motta

Big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies independently predict the universal baryon density. Comparing their predictions will provide a fundamental test on cosmology. Using BBN and the CMB…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Richard H. Cyburt

The most recent measurements of the temperature and low-multipole polarization anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from the Planck satellite, when combined with galaxy clustering data from the Baryon Oscillation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-13 Elena Giusarma , Martina Gerbino , Olga Mena , Sunny Vagnozzi , Shirley Ho , Katherine Freese

Primordial perturbations in our universe are believed to have a quantum origin, and can be described by the wavefunction of the universe (or equivalently, cosmological correlators). It follows that these observables must carry the imprint…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-16 Scott Melville , Enrico Pajer

The question of whether Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization data from Planck favor a spatially closed Universe with curvature parameter $\Omega_K<0$ has been the subject of recent intense discussions. Attempts to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-18 Sunny Vagnozzi , Abraham Loeb , Michele Moresco

Old and new puzzles of cosmology are reexamined from the point of view of quantum theory of the universe developed here. It is shown that in proposed approach the difficulties of the standard cosmology do not arise. The theory predicts the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. E. Kuzmichev , V. V. Kuzmichev

The concordance of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model in light of current observations has been the subject of an intense debate in recent months. The 2018 Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy power spectrum…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-02 Sunny Vagnozzi , Eleonora Di Valentino , Stefano Gariazzo , Alessandro Melchiorri , Olga Mena , Joseph Silk

The unification of general relativity and standard model for strong and electro-weak interactions is considered on the base of the conformal symmetry principle. The Penrose-Chernikov-Tagirov Lagrangian is used to describe the Higgs scalar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Pawlowski , V. V. Papoyan , V. N. Pervushin , V. I. Smirichinski

We present new constraints on cosmic variations of Newton's gravitational constant by making use of the latest CMB data from WMAP, BOOMERANG, CBI and ACBAR experiments and independent constraints coming from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-19 Silvia Galli , Alessandro Melchiorri , George F. Smoot , Oliver Zahn

We demonstrate that if masses and charges figuring in the equation of motion including both Newton gravitational and Coulomb electrostatic force laws are divided by mass and charge, respectively, which are derived using the relations…

General Physics · Physics 2012-06-05 Lubos Neslusan

We propose a phenomenological unified model for dark matter and dark energy based on an equation of state parameter $w$ that scales with the $\arctan$ of the redshift. The free parameters of the model are three constants: $\Omega_{b0}$,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-17 R. R. Cuzinatto , L. G. Medeiros , E. M. de Morais