Related papers: History of Spin and Statistics
The history of the discovery of electron spin and the Pauli principle and the mathematics of spin and quantum statistics are reviewed. Pauli's theory of the spinning electron and some of its many applications in mathematics and physics are…
In this article, we begin with a review of Pauli's version of the spin-statistics theorem and then show, by re-defining the parameter associated with the Lie-Algebra structure of angular momentum, that another interpretation of the theorem…
In a first historical part I shall give a detailed description of how Pauli discovered --before the advent of the new quantum mechanics -- his exclusion principle. The second part is devoted to the insight and results that have been…
It is shown that the spin is naturally introduced into classical mechanics if the latter is formulated as dynamics of the phase space density. It is shown that the uncertainty principle, as the amendment in this dynamics, restricts possible…
A previous one-dimensional derivation of Schr\"odinger's equation from statistical assumptions is generalized to three spatial dimensions, gauge fields, and spin. It is found that the same statistical assumptions that imply Schr\"odinger's…
We explore the possibility that the connection between spin and statistics in quantum physics is of dynamical origin. We suggest that the gravitational field could provide a fully local mechanism for the phase that arises when fermionic and…
It is substantiated that spin is a notion associated with the group of internal symmetry that is tightly connected with the geometrical structure of spacetime. The wave equation for the description of the particles with spin one half is…
A previous derivation of the single-particle Schr\"odinger equation from statistical assumptions is generalized to an arbitrary number $N$ of particles moving in three-dimensional space. Spin and gauge fields are also taken into account. It…
The paper outlines the historical development of spin in physics from about 1920 to the present day. It aims to provide the student with an accurate chronology of important developments, both scientific and technical.
Recently a sufficient and necessary condition for Pauli's spin- statistics connection in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics has been established [quant-ph/0208151]. The two-dimensional part of this result is extended to n-particle systems…
The "marginal" distributions for measurable coordinate and spin projection is introduced. Then, the analog of the Pauli equation for spin-1/2 particle is obtained for such probability distributions instead of the usual wave functions. That…
The existence of a possible connection between spin and statistics is explored within the framework of Galilean covariant field theory. To this end fields of arbitrary spin are constructed and admissible interaction terms introduced. By…
The notion of the spin is shown to have two constituents, as exemplified by the spin of the electron. The first one is related to the form of the wave equation and determines the fermion or boson particle type. This implies the spin taking…
The spin-statistics conection is obtained for classical point particles. The connection holds within pseudomechanics, a theory of particle motion that extends classical physics to include anticommuting Grassmann variables, and which…
The connection between the intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of particles and the quantum statistics is established by considering the response of identical particles to a common background radiation field. For this purpose, the Hamiltonian…
A brief analysis is made of some historical points involved in the consolidation of the theoretical concept of \textit{spin}, originally introduced to explain the structure of atomic spectra in the absence and presence of electromagnetic…
As we approach the centenary of the discovery of quantum statistics in 1924, it is important to revisit Bose's original derivation of Planck's law usually ignored in most standard presentations of Bose-Einstein statistics. It introduced not…
In this article we prove spin statistics theorem for arbitrary massive (A, B) field in a representation theoretic manner. General Gamma matrices are introduced, and explicit forms for low spin are calculated. Spin sums and twisted spin sums…
A necessary and sufficient condition for Pauli's spin-statistics relation is given for nonrelativistic anyons, bosons, and fermions in two and three spatial dimensions. For any point particle species in two spatial dimensions, denote by J…
We delineate the role of rotation and spin in physics, discussing in order Newtonian classical physics, special relativity, quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics and general relativity. In the latter case, we discuss the generalization…