Related papers: Exploring the Micro-Structure of the Proton: from …
We determine, based on the latest experimental Deep Virtual Compton Scattering experimental data, the dependence of the spatial size of the proton on the quark's longitudinal momentum. This results in a three-dimensional momentum-space…
The physics of the gravitational form factors of the proton, and their understanding within quantum chromodynamics, has advanced significantly in the past two decades through both theory and experiment. This Colloquium provides an overview…
The increasing precision of the measurements on the proton structure and an improved treatment of the correlated systematic experimental errors constitute a major step forward in our understanding of the flavour decomposition of the proton…
Improved measurements of the proton's structure are now possible thanks to significant technical advances that allow us to probe the proton with polarized photons. These measurements have shown that the proton is not as simple as previously…
The electromagnetic form factors of hadrons at large momentum transfer have been the subject of intense theoretical and experimental scrutiny over the past two decades, yet there is still not a universally-accepted framework for their…
Understanding the spin structure of the proton is one of the main challenges in hadronic physics. While the concepts of spin and orbital angular momentum are pretty clear in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the…
Developments in deeply virtual Compton scattering allow the direct measurements of scattering amplitudes for exchange of a highly virtual photon with fine spatial resolution. Real-space images of the target can be obtained from this…
This colloquium addresses the issue of the shape of hadrons and in particular that of the proton. The concept of shape in the microcosm is critically examined. Special attention is devoted to properly define the meaning of shape for…
The electromagnetic form factors are crucial to our understanding of the proton internal structure, and thus provide a strong constraint of the distributions of the charge and magnetization current within the proton. We adopted the…
The three-dimensional spatial structure of hadrons is encoded in their form factors. Via appropriate Fourier transform, the latter describe how charge, energy, linear and angular momentum, but also pressure are distributed inside these…
The three-dimensional structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) is embedded in so-called generalized parton distributions, which are accessible from deeply virtual Compton scattering. In this process, a high energy electron is scattered…
Development of concepts related to the photon and its high energy hadronic interaction is briefly reviewed. A photon considered as an ideal probe of hadron structure, paradoxically is also considered as an ideal target to test the…
Lattice simulations of hadronic structure are now reaching a level where they are able to not only complement, but also provide guidance to current and forthcoming experimental programmes at, e.g. Jefferson Lab, COMPASS/CERN and FAIR/GSI.…
We discuss the recent data on the electric proton form factor, obtained at JLab, which show a spectacular deviation from the commonly assumed dipole behavior. We discuss the implication of these results on the deuteron structure and on the…
We obtain the electromagnetic form factors, the axial form factor, and the parton distribution functions of the proton from the eigenstates of a light-front effective Hamiltonian in the leading Fock representation suitable for low-momentum…
A brief overview of the recent activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors is presented. It is discussed how the quality of the data has been greatly improved by performing double polarization…
We review the experimental and theoretical status of elastic electron scattering and elastic low-energy photon scattering (with both real and virtual photons) from the nucleon. As a consequence of new experimental facilities and new…
The extraction of Compton Form Factors (CFFs) in a global analysis of almost all Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) proton data is presented. The extracted quantities are DVCS sub-amplitudes and the most basic observables which are…
Understanding the internal structure of the proton-including its mass spectrum, electromagnetic and gravitational form factors, and mechanical properties-remains a central challenge in hadronic physics. While lattice QCD and experimental…
Precise proton and neutron form factor measurements at Jefferson Lab, using spin observables, have recently made a significant contribution to the unraveling of the internal structure of the nucleon. Accurate experimental measurements of…