Related papers: Uniqueness of a recently proposed U(1) gauge exten…
If the standard model of quarks and leptons is extended to include three singlet right-handed neutrinos, then the resulting fermion structure admits an infinite number of anomaly-free solutions with just one simple constraint. Well-known…
Instead of anchoring the seesaw mechanism with the conventional heavy right-handed neutrino singlet, a small Majorana neutrino mass may be obtained just as well with the addition of a heavy triplet of leptons per family to the minimal…
Instead of right-handed neutrino singlets, the standard model is extended to include lepton triplets $(\Sigma^+, \Sigma^0, \Sigma^-)$. Each quark and lepton family may now transform under an anomaly-free $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry, known…
An alternative left-right model of quarks and leptons, where the $SU(2)_R$ lepton doublet $(\nu,l)_R$ is replaced with $(n,l)_R$ so that $n_R$ is not the Dirac mass partner of $\nu_L$, has been known since 1987. Previous versions assumed a…
In extending the minimal standard model of quarks and leptons to include supersymmetry, the conservation of baryon and lepton numbers is no longer automatic. I show how the latter may be achieved with a new U(1) gauge symmetry and new…
We present a simple $U(1)_{B_3-3L_\mu}$ gauge Standard Model extension that can easily account for the anomalies in $R(K)$ and $R(K^*)$ reported by LHCb. The model is economical in its setup and particle content. Among the Standard Model…
In order to explain the fermions masses and mixing parameters appearing in the lepton sector of the Standard Model, one proposes the extension of its symmetry. A discrete, non-abelian subgroup of $U(3)$ is added to the gauge group…
There is no reason why the gauge symmetry extension is family universal as in the standard model and the most well-motivated models, e.g. left-right symmetry and grand unification. Hence, we propose a simplest extension of the standard…
The idea of left-right symmetry with mirror fermions is very appealing from the symmetry point of view. In this picture, unlike the Standard Model, the symmetry is not only left-right symmetric, but each left handed fermion multiplet is…
We conjecture infrared emergent $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry for a class of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ $U(1)$ gauge theories coupled with a single chiral multiplet. One example is the case where $U(1)$ gauge group has the…
In this letter we consider that assuming: a) that the only left-handed neutral fermions are the active neutrinos, b) that $B-L$ is a gauge symmetry, and c) that the $L$ assignment is restricted to the integer numbers, the anomaly…
A detailed and general study of the fermionic structure of the 331 models with \beta arbitrary is carried out based on the criterion of cancellation of anomalies. We consider models with an arbitrary number of lepton and quark generations,…
The pattern of quark and lepton mass matrices is unexplained in the standard model of particle interactions. I propose the novel idea of a progressive gauge U(1) symmetry where it is a reflection of the regressive electroweak symmetry…
The three electroweak doublet neutrinos $\nu_{e,\mu,\tau}$ of the Standard Model may acquire small seesaw masses, using either three Majorana fermion singlets $N$ or three Majorana fermion triplets $(\Sigma^+,\Sigma^0,\Sigma^-)$. It is…
We propose a supersymmetric extension of the anomaly-free and three families nonuniversal $U(1)$ model, with the inclusion of four Higgs doublets and four Higgs singlets. The quark sector is extended by adding three exotic quark singlets,…
We posit that the distinct patterns observed in fermion masses and mixings are due to a minimally broken $\mathrm{U}(2)_{q+e}$ flavor symmetry acting on left-handed quarks and right-handed charged leptons, giving rise to an accidental…
An extra $SU(2)_D$ gauge factor is added to the well-known left-right extension of the standard model (SM) of quarks and leptons. Under $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times SU(2)_D$, two fermion bidoublets $(2,1,2)$ and $(1,2,2)$ are assumed. The…
We consider anomaly cancellation for $SU(N)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge theories where the left-handed chiral multiplets are in higher $SU(2)$ representations. In particular, if the left-handed quarks and leptons transform under the…
Several phenomenological features of fermion masses and mixings can be accounted for by a simple model for fermion mass matrices, which suggests an underlying U(2) horizontal symmetry. In this context, it is also proposed how an approximate…
We propose an extension of the standard model with an extra U(1)' abelian symmetry, three Higgs doublets and one Higgs singlet, where the new U(1)' charges are flavour non-universal. As a result, the model introduces an enlarger particle…