Related papers: Gauge invariance and weak forces in an isotropic m…
The proof of gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics of photons and electrons does not apply directly to the quantum electrodynamics of photons, electrons, and nuclei because multi-electron atoms belong to the space of asymptotic…
Analysis of the covariant theta-exact noncommutative (NC) gauge field theory (GFT), inspired by high energy cosmic rays experiments, is performed in the framework of the inelastic neutrino-nucleon scatterings. Next we have have found…
Gauge invariance is a powerful tool to determine the dynamical forces among the fundamental constituents of matter. The particle content, structure and symmetries of the Standard Model Lagrangian are discussed. Special emphasis is given to…
The gauging of equations method, introduced in the preceding paper, is applied to the four-dimensional integral equations describing the strong interactions of three identical relativistic particles. In this way we obtain gauge invariant…
We show that the controversies on the gauge dependence and the infrared singularity emerged in the generalized factorization approach for nonleptonic heavy meson decays within the framework of the operator product expansion can be resolved…
Noether's theorem is reviewed with a particular focus on an intermediate step between global and local gauge and coordinate transformations, namely linear transformations. We rederive the well known result that global symmetry leads to…
Due to proton spin crisis it is necessary to understand the gauge invariant definition of the spin and orbital angular momentum of the quark and gluon from first principle. In this paper we derive the gauge invariant Noether's theorem by…
We assume the macroscopic wave function of a Bose-Einstein condensate as a superposition of Gaussian wave packets, with time-dependent complex width parameters, insert it into the mean-field energy functional corresponding to the…
The effective anisotropic stresses induced by the scalar modes of the geometry depend on the coordinate system so that the comparison of the competing results is ultimately determined by the evolution of the pivotal variables in each…
We study the stochastically forced system of isentropic Euler equations of gas dynamics with a $\gamma$-law for the pressure. We show the existence of martingale weak entropy solutions; we also discuss the existence and characterization of…
It is well known, thanks to Lax-Wendroff theorem, that the local conservation of a numerical scheme for a conservative hyperbolic system is a simple and systematic way to guarantee that, if stable, a scheme will provide a sequence of…
We formulate gauge invariance for the equilibrium statistical mechanics of classical multi-component systems. Species-resolved phase space shifting constitutes a gauge transformation which we analyze using Noether's theorem and shifting…
The process $e^+e^-\rightarrow \bar \nu_e e^-W^+ \rightarrow\bar\nu_e e^-u\bar d$ is considered as an example of the problems associated with maintaining gauge invariance in matrix elements involving unstable particles. It is shown how to…
We find exact cosmological solutions when the Newton parameter and the cosmological term are dynamically evolving in a renormalization-group improved Hamiltonian approach. In our derivation we use the Noether symmetry approach, leading to…
This work aims to investigate the well-posedness and the existence of ergodic invariant measures for a class of third grade fluid equations in bounded domain $D\subset\mathbb{R}^d,d=2,3,$ in the presence of a multiplicative noise. First, we…
Gauge bosons associated to new gauge symmetries under which the standard model particles are not charged are predicted in many extensions of the standard model of particles and interactions. We show that under very general conditions, the…
We describe application of Bogoliubov compensation principle to calculation of non-perturbative contribution in the electroweak theory and QCD. We obtain unique solutions of compensation equations, which impose strong restrictions on…
We consider several integrable systems from a standpoint of the SL(2,R) invariant gauge theory. In the Drinfeld-Sokorov gauge, we get a one parameter family of nonlinear equations from zero curvature conditions. For each value of the…
In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to…
The non-invariant energy functional of the preceding paper is improved in order to obtain its gauge-invariant form by strictly taking into account the non-Abelian character of Relativistic Schroedinger Theory (RST). As an application of the…