Related papers: Precise parametrizations of muon energy losses in …
The analytical expression for integral energy spectra and zenith angle distributions of atmospheric muons at large depths is derived. Fluctuations of muon energy losses are described using the parametrized correction factor. The fitting…
The analytical expression for angular integral flux of atmospheric muons in matter with the explicit relation of its parameters with those of the sea level spectrum is obtained. The fitting formula for the sea level muon spectrum at…
Knowledge of atmospheric muon flux intensity at large depths is extremely important for neutrino telescopes located deep under ground, water or ice. One of the methods to transform muon sea-level spectrum into depth one is to apply Monte…
We present a new Monte Carlo muon propagation algorithm MUM (MUons+Medium) which possesses some advantages over analogous algorithms presently in use. The most important features of algorithm are described. Results on the test for accuracy…
By using the integral method in the muon propagation through water, we calculate the range fluctuation of high and ultra high energy muons. Many authors divide all radiative processes into two parts, namely, the continuous part and…
An accurate simulation of the propagation of muons through matter is needed for the analysis of data produced by muon/neutrino underground experiments. A muon may sustain hundreds of interactions before it is detected by the experiment.…
High-energy muons can travel large thicknesses of matter. For underground neutrino and cosmic ray detectors the energy loss of muons has to be known accurately for simulations. In this article the next-to-leading order correction to the…
The validity of our Monte Carlo simulation procedure (the time sequential procedure) had been verified by the corresponding analytical procedure which is independent of our method methodologically. Also, the results obtained by our…
The vertical sea-level muon spectrum at energies above 1 GeV and the underground/underwater muon intensities at depths up to 18 km w.e. are calculated. The results are particularly collated with a great body of the ground-level,…
In this paper parametric formulas are presented to evaluate the flux of atmospheric muons in the range of vertical depth between 1.5 to 5 km of water equivalent (km w.e.) and up to 85^o for the zenith angle. We take into account their…
We present the formula for angular distribution of integral flux of conventional ($\pi, K$) muons deep under water taking into account the sphericity of the atmosphere and fluctuations of muon energy losses.The accuracy of this formula for…
Chain of calculations which have to be performed to predict any kind of signal in a deep underwater/ice neutrino detector necessarily includes the lepton propagation through thick layers of matter, as neutrino can be observed only by means…
We consider the O(alpha^2) hadronic corrections to the energy spectrum of the decay electron in muon decay. We find that the correction can be described, within good approximation, by a linear function in the electron energy. Explicit…
The muon intensity attenuation method to detect heterogeneities in large matter volumes is analyzed. Approximate analytical expressions to estimate the collection time and the signal to noise ratio, are proposed and validated by Monte Carlo…
We present a new muon propagation Monte Carlo FORTRAN code MUM (MUons+Medium) which possesses some advantages over analogous codes presently in use. The most important features of the algorithm are described. Data on the test for algorithm…
Atmospheric muons play an important role in underwater/ice neutrino detectors. In this paper, a parameterisation of the flux of single and multiple muon events, their lateral distribution and of their energy spectrum is presented. The…
The validity of our Monte Carlo simulation procedure ({\it the integral method}) had been verified by the corresponding analytical procedure of which is quite independent of our method methodologically. Also, the results obtained by our…
In this paper we analyze the energy evolution of the muon content of air showers between $10^{18.4}$ and $10^{19.6}$ eV to be able to determine the most likely mass composition scenario from future number of muons measurements. The energy…
Muon updates weight matrices along (approximate) polar factors of the gradients and has shown strong empirical performance in large-scale training. Existing attempts at explaining its performance largely focus on single-step comparisons (on…
This topical review describes the methodology of continuum variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations. These stochastic methods are based on many-body wave functions and are capable of achieving very high accuracy. The…