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The study of the perturbative Odderon at high gluon densities in the color glass condensate requires to take into account states with more than three gluons. We formulate evolution equations for these states in which the number of gluons is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-01-25 Stefan Braunewell , Carlo Ewerz

The Color Glass Condensate is a state of high density gluonic matter which controls the high energy limit of hadronic matter. These lectures begin with a discussion of general problems of high energy strong interactions. The infinite…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-30 Larry McLerran

We investigate hydrodynamic evolution of the quark gluon plasma for the colour glass condensate type initial conditions. We solve full second-order viscous hydrodynamic equations in the longitudinal direction to find that non-boost…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-05-01 Akihiko Monnai , Tetsufumi Hirano

We introduce the notion of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) density matrix $\hat\rho$. This generalizes the concept of probability density for the distribution of the color charges in the hadronic wave function and is consistent with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-05-22 Nestor Armesto , Fabio Dominguez , Alex Kovner , Michael Lublinsky , Vladimir Skokov

We solve the CCFM equation numerically in the presence of a boundary condition which effectively incorporates the non-linear dynamics. We retain the full dependence of the unintegrated gluon distribution on the coherence scale, and extract…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-21 Emil Avsar , Anna M. Stasto

The leading order single inclusive soft gluon production in high energy proton-nucleus (pA) collisions has been studied by various approaches for more than two decades. The first correction due to the gluon saturation in proton was…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-27 Ming Li

We consider a version of the McLerran-Venugopalan model by Lam and Mahlon where confinement is implemented via colored noise in the infrared. This model does not assume an infinite momentum frame, hence the boosted nuclei are not infinitely…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-02-27 Sener Ozonder

The corrections of gluon fusion to the DGLAP and BFKL equations are discussed in a united partonic framework. The resulting nonlinear evolution equations are the well-known GLR-MQ-ZRS equation and a new evolution equation. Using the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-08 Wei Zhu , Zhenqi Shen , Jianhong Ruan

The small-$x$ deep inelastic scattering in the saturation region is governed by the non-linear evolution of Wilson-lines operators. In the leading logarithmic approximation it is given by the BK equation for the evolution of color dipoles.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 I Balitsky

The physics of the initial conditions of heavy ion collisions is dominated by the nonlinear gluonic interactions of QCD. These lead to the concepts of parton saturation and the Color Glass Condensate (CGC). We discuss recent progress in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-05-27 T. Lappi

We considerably extend our previous analysis of the implementation of an absorptive boundary condition, which mimics saturation effects, on the linear CCFM evolution. We present detailed results for the evolution of the unintegrated gluon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-16 Emil Avsar , Edmond Iancu

We demonstrate the recently proposed nucleon energy-energy correlator (nucleon EEC) $f_{\rm EEC}(x,\theta)$ can unveil the gluon saturation in the small-$x$ regime in $eA$ collisions. The novelty of this probe is that it is fully inclusive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-15 Hao-Yu Liu , Xiaohui Liu , Ji-Chen Pan , Feng Yuan , Hua Xing Zhu

We determined the saturation exponent of the gluon distribution using the solution of the QCD nonlinear Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-parisi (NLDGLAP) evolution equation at small $x$. The very small $x$ behavior of the gluon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-02-06 G. R. Boroun

Transverse momentum integrated multiplicities in the central region of pp collisions at LHC energies satisfy Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling. We attempt to relate this finding to multiplicity distributions of soft gluons. KNO scaling emerges if…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-09-20 Adrian Dumitru , Elena Petreska

Motivated by the regime of QCD explored nowadays at LHC, where both the total energy of collision and momenta transfers are high, we investigate evolution equations of high energy factorization. In order to study such effects like parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-04-13 Krzysztof Kutak , Krzysztof Golec-Biernat , Stanislaw Jadach , Maciej Skrzypek

The description of the hadron production at very forward rapidities and low transverse momentum is usually made using phenomenological models based on nonperturbative physics. However, at high energies and large rapidities the wave function…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-07-08 V. P. Goncalves , M. L. L. da Silva

It has been found that the gluon density inside the proton grows rapidly at small momentum fractions. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) predicts that this growth can be regulated by nonlinear effects, ultimately leading to gluon saturation.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-03 Kiera Cassar , Zhen Wang , Xiaoxuan Chu , Elke-Caroline Aschenauer

Theoretical studies on the early-time dynamics in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are reviewed including pedagogical introductions on the initial condition with small-x gluons treated as a color glass condensate, the bottom-up…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-01-04 Kenji Fukushima

We analyze the general nonlinear evolution equations for multi gluon correlators derived in hep-ph/9709432 by restricting ourselves to a double logarithmic region. In this region our evolution equation becomes local in transverse momentum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Jamal Jalilian-Marian , Alex Kovner , Andrei Leonidov , Heribert Weigert

Perturbative unitarization from non-linear effects is thought to deplete the gluon density for transverse momenta below the saturation scale. Such effects also modify the distribution of gluons produced in heavy-ion collisions in transverse…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-03-17 Adrian Dumitru