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Nuclei colliding at very high energy create a strong, quasi-classical gluon field during the initial phase of their interaction. We present an analytic calculation of the initial space-time evolution of this field in the limit of very high…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-01-06 G. Chen , R. J. Fries , J. I. Kapusta , Y. Li

Problem of high PT suppression in RHIC data is generally associated to jet quenching in a dense medium. We recently proposed a new approach to high energy nuclear scattering, which treats the initial stage of heavy ion collisions in a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Pierog , H. J. Drescher , F. M. Liu , S. Ostapchenko , K. Werner

The onset of hydrodynamics in the hot medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a crucial theoretical question. A first-principle simulation requires a real-time, non-perturbative calculation of the quantum system. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-16 Haiyang Shao , Shile Chen , Shuzhe Shi

Using the general framework of quantum field kinetics we consider new principles to compute initial distribution of quarks and gluons after the first hard interaction of heavy ions. We start by rewriting the integral equations of QCD in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-03-25 A. Makhlin

The global observable distributions of nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energy are studied. It is shown that these distributions are sensitive to interaction dynamics and can be used to investigate the evolution of dense nuclear matter.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-12-15 M. V. Savina , S. V. Shmatov , N. V. Slavin , P. I. Zarubin

Dynamical models based on relativistic fluid dynamics provide a powerful tool to extract the properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced by ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. The largest source of uncertainty in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-04-18 J. Scott Moreland

Nuclei colliding at very high energy create a strong, quasi-classical gluon field during the initial phase of their interaction. We present an analytic calculation of the initial space-time evolution of this field in the limit of very high…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-01-31 Joseph I. Kapusta , Guangyao Chen , Rainer J. Fries , Yang Li

We present a simple description of the energy density profile created in a nucleus-nucleus collision, motivated by high-energy QCD. The energy density is modeled as the sum of contributions coming from elementary collisions between…

We present the first study of jet substructure modifications during the bottom-up evolution that describes the early stages of heavy-ion collisions. To this end, we study the bremsstrahlung radiation rate of soft gluons from a hard parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-12 João Barata , Kirill Boguslavski , Florian Lindenbauer , Andrey V. Sadofyev

We introduce a novel approach to study the longitudinal hydrodynamic expansion of the quark-gluon fluid created in heavy-ion collisions. It consists of two steps: First, we apply the maximum entropy method to reconstruct the freeze-out…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-04-24 Mikhail Stephanov , Yi Yin

High-energy nuclear collisions produce a nonequilibrium plasma of quarks and gluons which thermalizes and exhibits hydrodynamic flow. There are currently no practical frameworks to connect the early particle production in classical field…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-30 Aleksi Kurkela , Aleksas Mazeliauskas , Jean-François Paquet , Sören Schlichting , Derek Teaney

We study the diffusion of charm and beauty in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies, considering the interaction of these heavy quarks with the evolving Glasma by means of the Wong equations. In…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-13 J. H. Liu , S. Plumari , S. K. Das , V. Greco , M. Ruggieri

We numerically simulate planar shock wave collisions in anti-de Sitter space as a model for heavy ion collisions of large nuclei. We uncover a cross-over between two different dynamical regimes as a function of the collision energy. At low…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-11-01 Jorge Casalderrey-Solana , Michal P. Heller , David Mateos , Wilke van der Schee

At top collider energies where baryon stopping is negligible, the initial state of heavy ion collisions is overall charge neutral and predominantly composed of gluons. Nevertheless, there can also be significant local fluctuations of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-12-27 Patrick Carzon

We emphasize that a knowledge of energy and entropy densities of quark gluon plasma - a thermalized de-confined matter, formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions fixes the formation temperature and the product of gluon fugacity and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-22 Dinesh K. Srivastava , Rupa Chatterjee , Munshi G. Mustafa

We identify a novel scaling in the transverse momentum spectra of produced particles, obtained by removing the global scales of multiplicity and mean transverse momentum. Hydrodynamic simulations and experimental data reveal an almost…

We propose a method to experimentally study the equation of state of strongly interacting matter created at the early stage of nucleus--nucleus collisions. The method exploits the relation between relative entropy and energy fluctuations…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Gazdzicki , M. I. Gorenstein , St Mrowczynski

A phenomenological analysis of the experimental measurements of transverse momentum spectra of identified charged hadrons and strange hyperons in Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions at the LHC is presented. The analysis is based on the relativistic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-21 L. Vermunt , Y. Seemann , A. Dubla , S. Floerchinger , E. Grossi , A. Kirchner , S. Masciocchi , I. Selyuzhenkov

We construct an analytical expression for the distribution of gluons in the state immediately following a heavy ion collision in the quasi-classical limit of QCD given by McLerran-Venugopalan model. The resulting gluon number distribution…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Yuri V. Kovchegov

The finite nuclear thickness affects the energy density $\epsilon(t)$ and conserved-charge densities such as the net-baryon density $n_B(t)$ produced in heavy ion collisions. While the effect is small at high collision energies where the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-08-16 Zi-Wei Lin , Todd Mendenhall