Related papers: Alignment in hadronic interactions
Models of top condensation can provide both a compelling solution to the hierarchy problem as well as an explanation of why the top-quark mass is large. The spectrum of such models, in particular topcolor-assisted technicolor, includes…
Anomalous events with a large transverse momenta $P_T$ were found for all secondary particles in an analysis of experimental data on cosmic ray interactions at $E_0 > 5\cdot 10^{13} eV$. In order to clarify the underlying mechanism of these…
The studies of crystal collimation in the experiments at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Tevatron and in computer simulations reveal strong coherent effects observed in a very broad angular range. Our theory explains the effects by…
ALICE, a general purpose experiment designed to investigate nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), has also been used to detect atmospheric muons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. In this…
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the highest energy messengers in the universe, with energies up to $10^{20}$ eV. Studies of astrophysical particles (nuclei, electrons, neutrinos and photons) at their highest observed energies…
In this paper we review air shower data related to the mass composition of cosmic rays above 10$^{15}$ eV. After explaining the basic relations between air shower observables and the primary mass and energy of cosmic rays, we present…
Strong correlations can dramatically modify the thermodynamics of a quantum many-particle system. Especially intriguing behaviour can appear when the system adiabatically enters a strongly correlated regime, for the interplay between…
The present status of high energy cosmic ray interaction models is discussed, concentrating on recent model updates inspired by the data from Run 1 of the LHC. A special attention is devoted to the remaining differences in the model…
While observational cosmology has shown tremendous growth over the last decade, deep mysteries continue to haunt our theoretical understanding of the ingredients of the concordance cosmological model, which are mainly `dark'. More than 95…
We present a method to determine the proton-to-helium ratio in cosmic rays at ultra-high energies. It makes use of the exponential slope, $\Lambda$, of the tail of the $X_{\rm max}$ distribution measured by an air shower experiment. The…
We apply statistical inference on the Pierre Auger Open Data to discern for the first time the full mass composition of cosmic rays at different energies. Working with longitudinal electromagnetic profiles of cosmic ray showers, in…
The events of anomalous energy deposit and high number of hadrons in hadron calorimeter, often not accompanied at all, or accompanied by very small EAS of cosmic rays, are observed by means of the complex installation aimed at research of…
Emission asymmetries between pions and kaons reflect the role of the hadronic phase in the cooling of a droplet of deconfined strongly-interacting matter. This study compares results from two models at the same collision energy of…
The physics content of the QGSJET-III Monte Carlo generator of high energy hadronic collisions is discussed. New theoretical approaches implemented in QGSJET-III are addressed in some detail and a comparison to alternative treatments of…
The Gerasimova-Zatsepin effect of collisions of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray nuclei with photons emitted by the sun may cause two simultaneous air showers on Earth. This effect is simulated using the full energy spectrum of solar photons,…
This paper briefly summarizes the status of the cosmic ray observations by EAS (Extended Air Shower) experiments with energy below 10**16eV and the related studies of the hadronic interaction models. Based on the observed sharp knee…
Some proposals to account for the highest energy cosmic rays predict that they should point to their sources. We study the five highest energy events (E>10^20 eV) and find they are all aligned with compact, radio-loud quasars. The…
Cosmological models involving an interaction between dark matter and dark energy have been proposed in order to solve the so-called coincidence problem. Different forms of coupling have been studied, but there have been claims that…
It is widely believed that chiral symmetry is restored not only at high temperatures, but also at high nuclear densities. The drop of the order parameter of the chiral phase transition, the chiral condensate, with density has indeed been…
An analysis has been made of the present situation with the high energy hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interaction models. As is already known there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of experimental data on the primary mass…