Related papers: QCD at Zero Baryon Density and the Polyakov Loop P…

While the grand canonical partition function Z_{GC}(mu) with chemical potential mu explicitly breaks the Z_3 symmetry with the Dirac determinant, the canonical partition function at fixed baryon number Z_C(B) is manifestly Z_3-symmetric. We…

We discuss the quenched limit of lattice QCD at non-zero baryon number density. We find evidence for a mixed phase that becomes broader with increasing baryon number. Although the action is explicitly Z(3) symmetric the Polyakov loop…

We discuss the thermodynamics of gluons in the background of static quark sources. In order to do so we formulate the quenched limit of QCD at non-zero baryon number. A first numerical analysis of this system shows that it undergoes a…

We discuss the non-zero baryon number formulation of QCD in the quenched limit at finite temperature. This describes the thermodynamics of gluons in the background of static quark sources. Although a sign problem remains in this theory, our…

QCD at fixed baryon number can be formulated in terms of transfer matrices explicitly defined in the canonical sectors. In the heavy-dense limit, the fermionic contributions to the canonical partition functions in terms of Polyakov loops…

We test the finite density algorithm in the canonical ensemble which combines the HMC update with the accept/reject step according to the ratio of the fermion number projected determinant to the unprojected one as a way of avoiding the…

We analyze the expectation value of the Polyakov loop in the fundamental and higher representations in the confined phase of QCD. We discuss a hadronic like representation, and find that the Polyakov loop corresponds to a partition function…

To obtain deeper understanding of QCD properties at finite temperature, we consider the Fourier decomposition of the grand-canonical partition function based on the canonical ensemble method via the imaginary chemical potential. Expectation…

The Polyakov loop has been used repeatedly as an order parameter in the deconfinement phase transition in QCD. We argue that, in the confined phase, its expectation value can be represented in terms of hadronic states, similarly to the…

Lattice QCD with heavy quarks reduces to a three-dimensional effective theory of Polyakov loops, which is amenable to series expansion methods. We analyse the effective theory in the cold and dense regime for a general number of colours,…

We perform a field-theoretical computation of hadron production in large systems at the QCD confinement phase transition associated with restoration of the Z(3) global symmetry. This occurs from the decay of a condensate for the Polyakov…

Canonical partition functions and Lee-Yang zeros of QCD at finite density and high temperature are studied. Recent lattice simulations have confirmed that the free energy of QCD is a quartic function of quark chemical potential at…

The Polyakov loop potential serves to distinguish between the confined hadronic and the deconfined quark-gluon plasma phases of QCD. For Nf=2+1 quark flavors with physical masses we determine the Polyakov loop potential at finite…

While the Polyakov loop is an order parameter of the deconfinement transition in the heavy quark mass regime of QCD, its sensitivity to the deconfinement of light, dynamical quarks in QCD is not apparent. On the other hand, the quark mass…

We study the nature of the phase transition of lattice gauge theories at high temperature and high density by focusing on the probability distribution function, which represents the probability that a certain density will be realized in a…

We solve two-dimensional large-N QCD in the presence of a nonzero baryon number B, and for arbitrary quark mass m and volume L. We fully treat the dynamics of the gluonic zero modes and check how this affects results from previous studies…

At finite baryon density lattice QCD first-principle calculations can not be performed due to the sign problem. In order to circumvent this problem, we use the canonical approach, which provides reliable analytical continuation from the…

We present a canonical method where the properties of QCD are directly obtained as a function of the baryon density rho, rather than the chemical potential mu. We apply this method to the determination of the phase diagram of four-flavor…

A three-dimensional effective lattice theory of Polyakov loops is derived from QCD by expansions in the fundamental character of the gauge action, u, and the hopping parameter, \kappa, whose action is correct to \kappa^n u^m with n+m=4. At…

The lattice simulations of $QC_2D$ with two flavors of staggered fermions and non-zero quark chemical potential $\mu_q$ have been performed. Dependencies of the Polyakov loop, chiral condensate and baryon number density on $\mu_q$ were…