Related papers: Precision Crystal Calorimetry in High Energy Physi…
The motivation for PF calorimetry is to experimentally measure the energy of hadron jets with excellent resolution. In particle flow designs, sigma(E)/E < 5% should be possible for a range of jet energies from 50 GeV to 250 GeV, important…
Structural chirality plays an important role in solid state physics and leads to a variety of novel physics. The feasibility of probing structural chirality of crystals using high harmonic generation in solids is explored in this work.…
Alkali halide crystals doped with certain impurity ions show a low temperature behaviour, which differs significantly from that of pure crystals. The origin of these characteristic differences are tunneling centers formed by atomic or…
Challenges for precision measurements at the LHC are discussed and a proposal how to move forward to overcome the LHC-specific precision brick-walls is presented.
The possibilty of performing high-rate calorimetry with a slow scintillator crystal is studied. In this experimental situation, to avoid pulse pile-up, it can be necessary to base the energy measurement on only a fraction of the emitted…
Crystallization is a key step in macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. While a robust theoretical treatment of the process is available, due to the complexity of the system, the experimental process is still largely one…
It is shown that the diffraction on a polycrystal can be used for investigation and diagnostics of X-ray radiation emitted in a forward direction by relativistic charged particles moving in crystalline or other targets or fields. Methods…
In crystallography, a structure is typically represented by the arrangement of atoms in the direct space. Furthermore, space group symmetry and Wyckoff site notations are applied to characterize crystal structures with only a few variables.…
Scintillating crystals are used for calorimetry in several high-energy physics experiments. For some of them, performance has to be ensured in difficult operating conditions, like a high radiation environment, very large particle fluxes and…
In the last years the direct measurement of cosmic rays received a push forward by the possibility of conducting experiments on board long duration balloon flights, satellites and on the International Space Station. The increase in the…
The precision frontier in collider physics is being pushed at impressive speed, from both the experimental and the theoretical side. The aim of this review is to give an overview of recent developments in precision calculations within the…
A method of using vacuum calorimetry as a means of determining directly the energy deposited in an electrically exploded wire is presented. This energy determination is compared with that given by the time integral of the product of voltage…
In the past 50 years, calorimeters have become the most important detectors in many particle physics experiments, especially experiments in colliding-beam accelerators at the energy frontier. In this paper, we describe and discuss a number…
Precision timing has played a critical role in high-energy physics experiments, particularly for particle identification and the suppression of pileup under the challenging conditions expected at future colliders like the High-Luminosity…
Much of modern astrophysics is grounded on the observed chemical compositions of stars and the diffuse plasma that pervades the space between stars, galaxies and clusters of galaxies. X-ray and EUV spectra of the hot plasma in the outer…
The 75,848 lead tungstate crystals in CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are used to measure the energy of electrons and photons produced in the proton-proton collisions. The optical transparency of the crystals degrades…
Crystal structures are indispensable across various domains, from batteries to solar cells, and extensive research has been dedicated to predicting their properties based on their atomic configurations. However, prevailing Crystal Structure…
Quantitative phase analysis is one of the major applications of X-ray powder diffraction. The essential principle of quantitative phase analysis is that the diffraction intensity of a component phase in a mixture is proportional to its…
Quantum crystals abound in the whole range of solid-state species. Below a certain threshold temperature the physical behavior of rare gases (4He and Ne), molecular solids (H2 and CH4), and some ionic (LiH), covalent (graphite), and…
Cosmology contributes a good deal to the investigation of variation of fundamental physical constants. High resolution data is available and allows for detailed analysis over cosmological distances and a multitude of methods were developed.…