Related papers: Soft interactions at high energy

The electrostatic interaction between colloidal particles trapped at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions is studied in the limit of small inter-particle distances. Within an appropriate model exact analytic…

An approach for analysis of effective interaction between pre- and postselected quantum particles is developed. It is argued that the cases of complete pre- and postselection of particles are more profound than the cases of partial pre- and…

The underlying scenario of low-energy heavy-ion collisions is presented based on time-dependent density-functional calculations. A classification of several types of reaction dynamics is given with respect to their time-scales.

A suite of impressive scientific discoveries have been driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence. These almost all result from training flexible algorithms to solve difficult optimization problems specified in advance by teams of…

We discuss how the main features of high-energy `soft' and `semihard' pp collisions may be described in terms of parton cascades and multi-Pomeron exchange. The interaction between Pomerons produces an effective infrared cutoff, k_sat, by…

Battiston et al. (arXiv:2110.06023) provide a comprehensive overview of how investigations of complex systems should take into account interactions between more than two elements, which can be modelled by hypergraphs and studied via…

The concept of fluctuation-induced effective interactions is extended to systems driven out of equilibrium. We compute the forces experienced by macroscopic objects immersed in a soft material driven by external shaking sources. We show…

Computer-based modelling and simulation have become useful tools to facilitate humans to understand systems in different domains, such as physics, astrophysics, chemistry, biology, economics, engineering and social science. A complex system…

Confinement can have a dramatic effect on the behavior of all sorts of particulate systems and it therefore is an important phenomenon in many different areas of physics and technology. Here, we investigate the role played by the softness…

The 2 into n scattering with final particles at rest is discussed. The comparison with purely soft processes allows to identify symmetries responsible for vanishing of certain 2 into n amplitudes. Some examples are given.

If supersymmetry is discovered at the LHC, the measured spectrum of superpartner masses and couplings will allow us to probe the origins of supersymmetry breaking. However, to connect the collider-scale Lagrangian soft parameters to the…

We discuss some elementary examples of interactions (at low velocity) between point charges and magnetic dipoles using potentials, along the lines indicated by Konopinsky, and show that the physical interpretation might look quite different…

Many complex systems often contain interactions between more than two nodes, known as higher-order interactions, which can change the structure of these systems in significant ways. Researchers often assume that all interactions paint a…

Coordinate scaling of each spin density separately is considered in spin density functional theory. A virial theorem relates the spin-scaled correlation energy to the spin-scaled correlation potentials. An adiabatic connection formula…

Reconnection and turbulence are two of the most commonly observed dynamical processes in plasmas, but their relationship is still not fully understood. Using 2.5D kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of both strong turbulence and…

Molecular dynamics simulations of interacting soft disks confined in a heterogeneous quenched matrix of soft obstacles show dynamics which is fundamentally different from that of hard disks. The interactions between the disks can enhance…

A system of hard spheres exhibits physics that is controlled only by their density. This comes about because the interaction energy is either infinite or zero, so all allowed configurations have exactly the same energy. The low density…

The relation between the notion of crystalline symmetry and characteristic time intervals when this symmetry could be observed is analyzed. Several time scales are shown to exist for a system of interacting particles. It is only when the…

With the increased adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in industry and society, effective human-AI interaction systems are becoming increasingly important. A central challenge in the interaction of humans with AI is the estimation of…

Charged soft-matter systems--such as colloidal dispersions and charged polymers--are dominated by attractive forces between constituent like-charged particles when neutralizing counterions of high charge valency are introduced. Such…