Related papers: Photon and electron structure from e+e- interactio…
The equation of state of hadronic matter in neutron stars is briefly reviewed. Uncertainties regarding the stiffness and composition of hadronic matter are discussed. Importance of poorly known short range interactions of nucleons and…
We are on the way to obtaining multi-dimensional "pictures" of the proton. The field is bursting with activities, both from the theoretical and experimental side. A brief selection of important achievements of the last years and open…
Electromagnetic reactions on light nuclei are fundamental to advance our understanding of nuclear structure and dynamics. The perturbative nature of the electromagnetic probes allows to clearly connect measured cross sections with the…
Events with tagged photons in the process of electron-positron annihilation into hadrons are considered. The initial state radiation is suggested to scan the hadronic cross section with the energy. QED radiative corrections are taken into…
We present a systematic analysis of the processes $e^+ ~e^- \rightarrow e^+ ~e^- X$ to study the polarised and unpolarised photon structure functions. The effect of target photon mass, which manifests itself as new singly polarised…
This paper deals with the hadronization process of quark system. A phenomenological potential is introduced to describe the interaction between a quark pair. The potential depends on the color charge of those quarks and their relative…
The theoretical foundations of quantum mechanics and de Broglie--Bohm mechanics are analyzed and it is shown that both theories employ a formal approach to microphysics. By using a realistic approach it can be established that the internal…
Photons are almost involved in each field of science and daily life of everyone. However, there are still some fundamental and puzzling questions such as what a photon is.The expressions of electromagnetic fields of a photon are here…
Recent developments in soft hadronic interactions are reviewed. Emphasis it put on measurements of the proton structure at low x, photon structure, diffraction and exclusive processes such as vector-meson production and their interpretation…
Recent progress on the parton distribution functions of the photon, both real and virtual, is briefly reviewed and experimental possibilities at HERA are discussed.
Recent experimental data have established some of the basic features of multiple interactions in hadron-hadron collisions. The emphasis is therefore now shifting, to one of exploring more detailed aspects. Starting from a brief review of…
Present data on the partonic content of the photon from LEP, TRISTAN and HERA accelerators are reviewed and the essential aspects of the underlying ideas and methods are pointed out. Results of the unpolarized photon structure function F_2…
Theoretical aspects of VMD and related approaches to real photon-hadron interaction are discussed. The work relies on special relativity, properties of linearly polarized photons, angular momentum conservation and relevant experiments. It…
The papers setting upper bounds on the value of electric charge of the photon are briefly reviewed. The theoretical framework of these bounds is shown to be incomplete. Hence the bounds seem to be unreliable.
The QCD treatment of the parton structure of virtual photons is briefly recalled, and possible limitations and open questions are pointed out. Various models for these densities are compared, completed by a short discussion of the treatment…
Leading corrections to Planck's formula and photon thermodynamics arising from the pair-mediated photon-photon interaction are calculated. This interaction is attractive and causes an increase in occupation number for all modes. Possible…
The exact wave functions, which describe the states of an electron, bound in the image potential, and the magnetic field, which is perpendicular to surface of a metal, are obtained. The correction terms to the energy of an electron in the…
We investigate the polarized photon structure functions $g_1^\gamma$ and $g_2^\gamma$ which can be studied in the future polarized version of ep or e$^+$e$^-$ colliders. The NLO QCD calculations of $g_1^\gamma$ and the possible twist-3…
Interactions of virtual photons are analyzed in terms of their parton distribution functions. It is shown that the concept of parton distribution functions is phenomenologically very useful even for highly virtual photonds involved in hard…
The general form of the cross section as well as the polarizations of electron-deuteron elastic scattering are given. Two-photon exchange effects are analyzed. Possible signatures of the two-photon exchange effects in the electron-deuteron…