Related papers: Signal Significance in Particle Physics
We explore various aspects of top quark phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider and proposed future machines. After summarising the role of the top quark in the Standard Model (and some of its well-known extensions), we discuss the…
A simple model of quantum particle is proposed in which the particle in a {\it macroscopic} rest frame is represented by a {\it microscopic d}-dimensional oscillator, {\it s=(d-1)/2} being the spin of the particle. The state vectors are…
"Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity. Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on superconducting quantum…
We consider photon radiation in tbar-t events at the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as a tool to measure the electric charge of the top quark. We analyze the contributions of tbar-t-gamma production and…
Analysing Quantum Measurement requires analysing the physics of amplification since amplification of phenomena from one scale to another scale is essential to measurement. There still remains the task of working this into an axiomatic…
The von Neumann interaction between a particle and an apparatus has been considered in the measurement of the position of a particle when the interaction lasts for a finite amount of time. When the measurement has finite duration, both the…
A quantum system subjected to a strong continuous monitoring undergoes quantum jumps. This very well known fact hides a neglected subtlety: sharp scale-invariant fluctuations invariably decorate the jump process even in the limit where the…
We argue that the fermionic exchange phase could be detected by local means. We propose a simple experiment to test our idea. This leads us to speculate that there might be a deeper mechanism behind the notion of particle statistics in…
We propose a new test statistic based on a score process for determining the statistical significance of a putative signal that may be a small perturbation to a noisy experimental background. We derive the reference distribution for this…
Top quark pair spin correlation measurements performed by the ATLAS experiment using $pp$ collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are summarized. Moreover, the measurement of a specific observable $D$ related to top quark pair spin…
The connection between the problem of scattering a particle on a one-dimensional $\delta$-potential with the "Einstein's boxes" thought experiment is shown. In both cases, the validity of the superposition principle is limited by Einstein's…
The very large transverse momenta and large multiplicities available in present LHC experiments on pp collisions allow a much closer look at the corresponding distributions. Some time ago we discussed a possible physical meaning of apparent…
Research methods and results from physics and psychology are used to explore a question in quantum mechanics. In this investigation, an observer variable is manipulated in an experimental context concerning the trajectory of electrons…
This brief overview stresses the importance of laboratory data and theory in analyzing astronomical observations and understanding the physical and chemical processes that drive the astrophysical phenomena in our Universe. This includes…
It is argued that the nature of probability is essentially informational rather than physical and that quantum mechanical predictions should be viewed as logical inferences made on the basis of the information content of a given…
The influence of the top quark mass on mixing processes and precise electroweak measurements is described. Experimental observation of the top quark in proton-antiproton collisions is discussed, and some brief remarks are made about…
The phenomenological motivations, the expressions and the comparison with experiment of the parton distributions inspired by the quantum statistics are described. The Fermi-Dirac expressions for the quarks and their antiparticles…
The heaviest fermion is expected to couple strongly to new physics and appears therefore as a natural probe in many BSM scenarios. Moreover, top physics has now entered in a precision era thanks to the huge amount of top quarks produced at…
Quantum particles and classical particles are described in a common setting of classical statistical physics. The property of a particle being "classical" or "quantum" ceases to be a basic conceptual difference. The dynamics differs,…
We measure the mass of the top quark in lepton$+$jets final states using the full sample of $p\bar{p}$ collision data collected by the D0 experiment in Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at $\sqrt s=1.96 $TeV, corresponding to $9.7…