Related papers: Systematic Errors: facts and fictions
Data errors are widespread in real-world databases and severely impact downstream applications, such as machine learning pipelines or business analytics reports. Causes of such errors are manifold and can arise during both the design phase…
The paper adresses the problem of reasoning with ambiguities. Semantic representations are presented that leave scope relations between quantifiers and/or other operators unspecified. Truth conditions are provided for these representations…
The aim of this note is to emphasize the fact that in many papers on invexity published in prestigious journals there are not clear definitions, trivial or not clear statements and wrong proofs. We also point out the unprofessional way of…
Decisions suggested by improperly designed software systems might be prone to discriminate against people based on protected characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity. Previous studies attribute such undesired behavior to flaws in…
Starting from considerations about meaning and subsequent use of asymmetric uncertainty intervals of experimental results, we review the issue of uncertainty propagation. We show that, using a probabilistic approach (the so-called Bayesian…
This study addresses the critical issue of factual inaccuracies in machine-generated text summaries, an increasingly prevalent issue in information dissemination. Recognizing the potential of such errors to compromise information…
Experimental errors are now incredibly precise, and are often dominated by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore the errors obtained in the Parton Distribution Functions that are extracted from this data will also be dominated by these…
In this paper we present a heuristic method to provide individual explanations for those elements in a dataset (data points) which are wrongly predicted by a given classifier. Since the general case is too difficult, in the present work we…
Clinicians increasingly rely on prediction models to guide treatment choices. Most prediction models, however, are developed using observational data that include some patients who have already received the treatment the prediction model is…
The causes underlying unfair decision making are complex, being internalised in different ways by decision makers, other actors dealing with data and models, and ultimately by the individuals being affected by these decisions. One frequent…
The "paradox" arises in the Two Envelopes Paradox from the incorrect formulation of the argument. The infomation given is misused and therefore the results are incorrect for the question asked. The key is to be clear on what question we are…
The concept of an angle is one that often causes difficulties in metrology. These are partly caused by a confusing mixture of several mathematical terms, partly by real mathematical difficulties and finally by imprecise terminology. The…
Knowing the truth is rarely enough -- we also seek out reasons why the fact is true. While much is known about how we explain contingent truths, we understand less about how we explain facts, such as those in mathematics, that are true as a…
Failure studies are important in revealing the root causes, behaviors, and life cycle of defects in software systems. These studies either focus on understanding the characteristics of defects in specific classes of systems or the…
Formal methods provide remarkable tools allowing for high levels of confidence in the correctness of developments. Their use is therefore encouraged, when not required, for the development of systems in which safety or security is…
The field of AI alignment is concerned with AI systems that pursue unintended goals. One commonly studied mechanism by which an unintended goal might arise is specification gaming, in which the designer-provided specification is flawed in a…
The basic statistical methods of data representation did not change since their emergence. Their simplicity was dictated by the intricacies of computations in the before computers epoch. It turns out that such approach is not uniquely…
Computer programs do not always work as expected. In fact, ominous warnings about the desperate state of the software industry continue to be released with almost ritualistic regularity. In this paper, we look at the 60 years history of…
Classical vehicle dynamics contains several widely adopted misconceptions that, while intuitively appealing, may lead to inconsistencies when examined under a rigorous mechanical framework. This paper revisits a number of such…
Despite extensive research and development of tools and technologies for misinformation tracking and detection, we often find ourselves largely on the losing side of the battle against misinformation. In an era where misinformation poses a…