Related papers: The multilevel trigger system of the DIRAC experim…
A novel approach for a versatile first level dielectron trigger is presented. This trigger operates in the low multiplicity environment of nucleon-nucleon reactions as well as in the high multiplicity situation of nucleus-nucleus…
A drift chamber readout system of the DIRAC experiment at CERN is presented. The system is intended to read out the signals from planar chambers operating in a high current mode. The sense wire signals are digitized in the 16-channel…
Due to the huge interaction rates and the tough experimental environment of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt(s)=14TeV and luminosities of up to 10^34 cm^-2 s^-1, one of the experimental challenges at the LHC is the triggering…
This paper describes the CMS trigger system and its performance during Run 1 of the LHC. The trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton…
The DIRAC spectrometer has been commissioned at CERN with the aim of detecting $\pi^+ \pi^-$ atoms produced by a 24 GeV/$c$ high intensity proton beam in thin foil targets. A challenging apparatus is required to cope with the high…
With the high bunch-crossing and interaction rates and potentially large event sizes the experiments at the LHC challenge data acquisition and trigger systems. Within the ATLAS experiment, a multi-level trigger system based on hardware and…
The trigger systems of the CERN LHC detectors play a crucial role in determining the physics capabilities of the experiments. A reduction of several orders of magnitude of the event rate is needed to reach values compatible with the…
The DIRAC experiment at CERN aims to measure the lifetime of the pionium atom ($A_{2\pi}$), a $\pi^+\pi^-$ bound state with an accuracy of 10%. The experimental setup consists of a high precision magnetic double arm spectrometer, located at…
The Level-1 trigger of the CMS experiment at CERN has been designed to select proton-proton interactions whose final state includes signatures of new physics in the form of high transverse energy electrons, photons, jets, or high missing…
The ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be exposed to proton-proton collisions from beams crossing at 40 MHz. At the design luminosity of 10^34 cm^-2 s^-1 there are on average 23 collisions per bunch crossing. A…
The DIRAC experiment, a magnetic double arm spectrometer, aims to measure the $\pi^+\pi^-$ atom lifetime with 10% precision, using the high intensity 24 GeV/c proton beam of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. Since the value of this lifetime of…
This paper presents a class of event-triggering rules for dynamical control systems with guaranteed positive minimum inter-event time (MIET). We first propose an event-based function design with guaranteed control performance under a…
The first level trigger of the CMS experiment is comprised of custom electronics that process data from the electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters and three technologies of muon detectors in order to select the most interesting events from…
The ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider will be exposed to proton-proton collisions from beams crossing at 40 MHz that have to be reduced to the few 100 Hz allowed by the storage systems. A three-level trigger system has been…
A very preliminary study for a trigger for the PEP-N experiment is presented. Its aim is to show the feasibility of a very efficient trigger for multihadronic events based on energy releases in the electromagnetic calorimeter. Though the…
The ATLAS Trigger system is a key component of the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), designed to reduce the event rate from the 40 MHz proton-proton bunch crossing frequency to an output suitable for offline storage…
The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider employs a two-level trigger system to record data at an average rate of 1 kHz from physics collisions, starting from an initial bunch crossing rate of 40 MHz. During the LHC Run 2…
The ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider will be exposed to proton-proton collisions from beams crossing at 40 MHz. A three-level trigger system was designed to select potentially interesting events and reduce the incoming rate to…
We present a hierarchical architecture to improve the efficiency of event-triggered control (ETC) in reducing resource consumption. This paper considers event-triggered systems generally as an impulsive control system in which the objective…
The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will face the challenge of efficiently selecting interesting candidate events in $pp$ collisions at 14 TeV centre-of-mass energy, whilst rejecting the enormous number of background…