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An effective, accessible abstraction hierarchy has made using and programming computers possible for people across all disciplines. Establishing such a hierarchy for quantum programming is an outstanding challenge, especially due to a…

In this review I am going to present biased by personal experience review of QCD. The review covers topics like Improved Transverse Momentum Dependent Factorization, $k_T$ dependent splitting functions, Transversal Momentum Dependent parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-25 Krzysztof Kutak

Reconstructing the internal three-dimensional quark and gluon structures of hadrons through generalized parton distributions (GPDs) from hard exclusive scattering processes is one of the most challenging tasks in nuclear and particle…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-13 Jian-Wei Qiu , Nobuo Sato , Zhite Yu

We have investigated a closed system of equations for the quark propagator, obtained earlier within our general approach to QCD at low energies. It implies quark confinement (the quark propagator has no pole, indeed), as well as the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Gogokhia

We recall how nearly half a century ago the proposal was made to explore the structure of the quantum vacuum using slow heavy-ion collisions. Pursuing this topic we review the foundational concept of spontaneous vacuum decay accompanied by…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-11-02 Johann Rafelski , Johannes Kirsch , Berndt Müller , Joachim Reinhardt , Walter Greiner

We present a simple introduction to the techniques of effective field theory (EFT) and their application to QCD. For problems with more than one energy scale, the EFT approach is a useful alternative to more traditional model-building…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 U. van Kolck , L. J. Abu-Raddad , D. M. Cardamone

Some combinatorial designs, such as Hadamard matrices, have been extensively researched and are familiar to readers across the spectrum of Science and Engineering. They arise in diverse fields such as cryptography, communication theory, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Ronan Egan

The QCD phase transition has important consequences in the context of both the early universe as well as compact stars. Such transitions are being studied for high temperature and small chemical potential scenario in the laboratory. There…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-08 Sanjay K. Ghosh

We describe the application of Dyson-Schwinger equations to the calculation of hadron observables. The studies at zero temperature (T) and quark chemical potential (mu) provide a springboard for the extension to finite-(T,mu). Our exemplars…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Pieter Maris , Craig D. Roberts

The background-field formalism is used extensively in fundamental approaches to QCD to explore hadronic matrix elements of various currents. While the lattice QCD approach is formulated in the fully-interacting Hilbert space, which includes…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-19 Matthias Burkardt , Derek B. Leinweber , Xuemin Jin

A discursive, non-technical, analysis is made of some of the basic issues that arise in almost any approach to quantum gravity, and of how these issues stand in relation to recent developments in the field. Specific topics include the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Chris Isham

How are high-momentum transfer processes modified when embedded in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) instead of the vacuum? How can fundamental properties of the QGP be inferred from their medium-modifications? And what can be learnt about QCD?…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-08-27 Xin-Nian Wang , Urs Achim Wiedemann

In the past few years the field of hadron spectroscopy has seen renewed interest due to the pubblication, initially mostly from B-Factories, of evidences of states that do not match regular spectroscopy, but are rather candidates for bound…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-02-03 N. Drenska , R. Faccini , F. Piccinini , A. Polosa , F. Renga , C. Sabelli

We extend the QCD Parton Model analysis by employing a factorized nuclear structure model that explicitly accounts for both individual nucleons and correlated nucleon pairs. This novel framework establishes a paradigm that directly links…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-20 Fredrick Olness

I review some outstanding issues in meson spectroscopy. The most important qualitative issue is whether hadrons with explicit gluonic degrees of freedom exist. To answer this question requires a much better understanding of conventional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 Stephen Godfrey

In this talk we first discuss the motivation for using the AdS/CFT correspondence as a tool for the understanding of real-time dynamics of quark-gluon plasma. After describing the effective dual degrees of freedom for a strongly coupled…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-20 Romuald A. Janik

Light-Front quantization is one of the most promising and physical tools towards studying deep inelastic scattering on the basis of quark gluon degrees of freedom. The simplified vacuum structure (nontrivial vacuum effects can only appear…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Burkardt

QCD is the theory of strong interactions and non-perturbative methods have been developed to address the confinement property of QCD. Many experimental measurements probe the confining dynamics, and it is well-known that hard scattering…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-02 B. Pire , L. Szymanowski

I discuss developments in the area of nucleon resonance excitations that are necessary to bring our understanding of nucleon structure in the regime of strong QCD to a qualitatively new level. They involve the collection of high quality…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Volker D. Burkert

The lattice regularization of QCD provides us with the most systematic way of computing non-perturbative properties of hadrons directly from the first principles of QCD. The recent rapid development of parallel computers has enabled us to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 K. Kanaya