Related papers: The Search for Stable, Massive, Elementary Particl…
The existence of cosmological dark matter is in the bedrock of the modern cosmology. The dark matter is assumed to be nonbaryonic and to consist of new stable particles. However if composite dark matter contains stable electrically charged…
Vortex states of photons, electrons, and other particles are non--plane-wave solutions of the corresponding wave equation with helicoidal wave fronts. These states possess an intrinsic orbital angular momentum with respect to the average…
Dark matter much heavier than the weak scale remains a comparatively unexplored frontier. This review surveys theoretical and experimental developments on very heavy dark matter, including composite and dissipative formation mechanisms,…
In the past four decades a new type of astronomy has emerged, where instead of looking up into the sky "telescopes" are buried miles underground or deep under water or ice and search not for photons (that is, light), but rather for…
Electric dipole moment (EDM) experiments are at the fore-front of search for physics beyond the standard model. The next generation searches promise to improve by several orders of magnitude the current EDM sensitivity levels.
The rest masses of the electron, the muon and of the stable mesons and baryons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses only photons, neutrinos, charge and the weak nuclear force. We do not need…
Experimental searches for axions or axion-like particles rely on semiclassical phenomena resulting from the postulated coupling of the axion to two photons. Sensitive probes of the extremely small coupling constant can be made by exploiting…
The Standard Model of Particle Physics has proven to be tremendously successful as the fundamental theory that describes the elementary particles that compose our Universe, as well as the interactions among them. Despite the countless…
The search for variation of the fundamental constants such as the fine structure constant $\alpha$ ($\alpha=e^2/\hbar c$) and the ratios of fundamental masses (e.g., electron to proton mass ratio $\mu=m_e/m_p$) is reviewed. Strong emphasis…
The status of searches for possible variation in the constants of nature from astronomical observation of molecules is reviewed, focusing on the dimensionless constant representing the proton-electron mass ratio $\mu=m_p/m_e$. The optical…
In Nuclear Physics numerous possibilities exist to investigate fundamental symmetries and interactions. In particular, the precise measurements of properties of fundamental fermions, searches for new interactions in $\beta$-decays, and…
Well over a century after the discovery of the electron, we are still faced with serious conceptual issues regarding precisely what an electron is. Since the development of particle physics and the Standard Model, we have accumulated a…
Selected results from searches for new physics with unconventional signatures using the ATLAS and CMS detectors are presented. Such signatures include emerging jets, heavy charged particles, displaced or delayed objects, and disappearing…
We review the observational and theoretical constraints on extragalactic magnetic fields across cosmic environment. In the next decade, the combination of sophisticated numerical simulations and various observational probes might succeed in…
Extension of particle symmetry implies new conserved charges and the lightest particles, possessing such charges, should be stable. Created in early Universe, stable charged heavy leptons and quarks can exist and, hidden in elusive atoms…
Muons are elementary particles and provide cleaner collision events that can explore higher energies compared to composite particles like protons. Muons are also far heavier than their electron cousins, meaning that they emit less…
We discuss the cosmological implications as well as possible observability of massive, stable, colored particles which often appear in the discussion of physics beyond the standard model. We argue that if their masses are more than a few…
Following a conjecture of Feynman, we explore the possibility that only those energy forms that are associated with (massive or massless) particles couple to the gravitational field, but not others. We propose an experiment to deflect…
This is a brief pedagogic introduction to searches for new physics with top quarks. It covers indirect searches for heavy new particles based on standard model effective theory and direct searches for new signatures of a light hidden…
Long-lived particles are contained in a variety of beyond Standard Model theories, including supersymmetric models, universal extra dimensions, or technicolor theories. If the lifetime of such a particle is long enough, the particle can…