Related papers: Underground Muon Physics with the MACRO experiment
Some of the main features of the new generation Trasgo detectors are their capability in measuring the incoming direction and the arrival time of secondary cosmic particles. They also offer the identification capability between muon and…
High energy gamma ray astronomy is now a well established field and several sources have been discovered in the region from a few GeV up to several TeV. If sources involving hadronic processes exist, the production of photons would be…
Residual flux and angular distribution of high-energy cosmic muons have been measured in two underground locations at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) using a dedicated Muon Monitor. The instrument consists of three layers of fast…
In this paper parametric formulas are presented to evaluate the flux of atmospheric muons in the range of vertical depth between 1.5 to 5 km of water equivalent (km w.e.) and up to 85^o for the zenith angle. We take into account their…
Observed since the 1950's, the seasonal effect on underground muons is a well studied phenomenon. The interaction height of incident cosmic rays changes as the temperature of the atmosphere changes, which affects the production height of…
A search for aligned events has been done throughout the muon groups events measured by Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope (BUST) during a period of 7.7 years. Only groups of multiplicity $>3$ for muon threshold energy equal to 0.85…
We present the latest results on the study of atmospheric neutrino oscillations with the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso. Two sub-samples of events have been analysed, both in terms of absolute flux and zenith angle distribution: high energy…
A confirmation of the long-standing muon $g$-2 discrepancy requires both experimental and theoretical progress. On the theory side, the hadronic corrections are under close scrutiny, as they induce the leading uncertainty of the Standard…
The flux of muon-produced neutrons far away from the muon track may constitute a background for the underground detectors searching for rare events. The muon events collected by the first LVD tower from March, 1996, to February, 1998, (1.56…
The MUonE experiment aims at providing a new independent evaluation of the leading hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. The proposed method is based on the measurement of the running of the QED coupling in the…
The OPERA experiment discovered muon neutrino into tau neutrino oscillations in appearance mode, detecting tau leptons by means of nuclear emulsion films. The apparatus was also endowed with electronic detectors with tracking capability,…
Cosmic rays interact with nuclei in the Earth's atmosphere to produce extensive air showers, which give rise to the atmospheric muon flux. Temperature fluctuations in the atmosphere influence the rate of muons measured in deep underground…
The MINOS experiment has observed a rise in the underground muon charge ratio $r_\mu$ = ${\mu^+/\mu^-}$. This ratio can be related to the atmospheric production ratios of ${\pi^+/\pi^-}$ and ${K^+/K^-}$. Our analysis indicates that the…
The final results of the MACRO experiment on atmospheric neutrino oscillations are presented and discussed. The data concern different event topologies with average neutrino energies of ~3 and ~50 GeV. Multiple Coulomb Scattering of the…
Muons serve as the best probes of the physics of hadronic interactions in the upper atmosphere because of their simple physics. All the properties of detected muons, such as their energy and angle of incidence, are governed by the…
Massive rare particles have been searched for in the penetrating cosmic radiation using the MACRO apparatus at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories. Liquid scintillators, streamer tubes and nuclear track detectors have been used to search…
We present a new one-dimensional calculation of low and intermediate energy atmospheric muon and neutrino fluxes, using up-to-date data on primary cosmic rays and hadronic interactions. The existing agreement between calculated muon fluxes…
Cosmic ray muons have emerged as a non-conventional high-energy radiation probe to monitor dense and large objects. Muons are the most abundant cosmic radiation on Earth, however, their flux at sea level is approximately 10,000 min^-1m^-2…
The aim of the paper is to investigate possibility of utilizing a shallow underground laboratory for the study of energy dependent solar modulation process and to find an optimum detector configuration sensitive to primaries of widest…
Cosmic ray radiation is mostly composed, at sea level, by high energy muons, which are highly penetrating particles capable of crossing kilometers of rock. Cosmic ray radiation constituted the first source of projectiles used to investigate…