Related papers: Protons in near earth orbit

Origin of the high energy proton component below the geomagnetic cutoff in near earth orbit

The high flux proton component observed by AMS below the geomagnetic cutoff can be well accounted for by assuming these particles to be secondaries originating from the interaction of Cosmic Ray protons with the atmosphere. Simulation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 L. Derome , M. Buenerd , A. Barrau , A. Bouchet , A. Menchaca-Rocha , T. Thuillier

Leptons with E>200 MeV trapped in the Earth's radiation belts

For the first time accurate measurements of electron and positron fluxes in the energy range 0.2-10 GeV have been performed with the Alpha Magnetic Spectometer (AMS) instrument at altitudes of 370-390 Km in the geographic latitude interval…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 E. Fiandrini , G. Esposito , B. Bertucci , B. Alpat , R. Battiston , W. J. Burger , G. Lamanna , P. Zuccon

The production of proton and lepton fluxes in near Earth orbit

Substantial fluxes of protons and leptons with energies below the geomagnetic cutoff have been measured by the AMS experiment at altitudes of 370-390 Km, in the latitude interval +/- 51.7 degrees. The production mechanisms of the observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Zuccon , B. Bertucci , B. Alpat , R. Battiston , G. Battistoni , W. J. Burger , G. Esposito , A. Ferrari , E. Fiandrini , G. Lamanna , P. Sala

Fine Structure in the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Ray Protons at 50 GeV ?

The recently published precise spectrum of cosmic ray protons from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer has been examined in some detail from the standpoint of a search for deviations from a smooth, simple, power law. We find a significant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. D. Erlykin , S. J. Fatemi , A. W. Wolfendale

Recent results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the STS-91

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a state of the art detector for the extraterrestrial study of matter, antimatter and missing matter. During the ten days long STS-91 precursor flight in may 1998 AMS collected nearly 100 millions of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Battiston

The shape of the cosmic ray proton spectrum

Recent observations of cosmic ray protons in the energy range $10^2$--$10^5$~GeV have revealed that the spectrum cannot be described by a simple power law. A hardening of the spectrum around an energy of order few hundred~GeV, first…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-01 Paolo Lipari , Silvia Vernetto

Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Proton, Antiproton and Muon Spectra at Mountain Altitude

Measurement of cosmic-ray proton, antiproton and muon spectra was carried out at mountain altitude. We observed 2 x 10^5 protons and 10^2 antiprotons in a kinetic energy region of 0.25 -- 3.3 GeV. Zenith-angle dependence of proton fluxes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Sanuki , M. Fujikawa , K. Abe , K. Anraku , H. Fuke , S. Haino , M. Imori , K. Izumi , T. Maeno , Y. Makida , N. Matsui , H. Matsumoto , H. Matsunaga , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , S. Orito , M. Sasaki , Y. Shikaze , J. Suzuki , K. Tanaka , A. Yamamoto , Y. Yamamoto , K. Yamato , T. Yoshida , K. Yoshimura

Secondary proton flux induced by cosmic ray interactions with the atmosphere

The atmospheric secondary proton flux is studied for altitudes extending from sea level up to the top of atmosphere by means of a 3-dimensional Monte-Carlo simulation procedure successfully used previously to account for flux measurements…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Baret , L. Derome , C. Y. Huang , M. Buenerd

Measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is necessary to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-02 Q. An , R. Asfandiyarov , P. Azzarello , P. Bernardini , X. J. Bi , M. S. Cai , J. Chang , D. Y. Chen , H. F. Chen , J. L. Chen , W. Chen , M. Y. Cui , T. S. Cui , H. T. Dai , A. D'Amone , A. De Benedittis , I. De Mitri , M. Di Santo , M. Ding , T. K. Dong , Y. F. Dong , Z. X. Dong , G. Donvito , D. Droz , J. L. Duan , K. K. Duan , D. D'Urso , R. R. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , F. Fang , C. Q. Feng , L. Feng , P. Fusco , V. Gallo , F. J. Gan , M. Gao , F. Gargano , K. Gong , Y. Z. Gong , D. Y. Guo , J. H. Guo , X. L. Guo , S. X. Han , Y. M. Hu , G. S. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , M. Ionica , W. Jiang , X. Jin , J. Kong , S. J. Lei , S. Li , W. L. Li , X. Li , X. Q. Li , Y. Li , Y. F. Liang , Y. M. Liang , N. H. Liao , C. M. Liu , H. Liu , J. Liu , S. B. Liu , W. Q. Liu , Y. Liu , F. Loparco , C. N. Luo , M. Ma , P. X. Ma , S. Y. Ma , T. Ma , X. Y. Ma , G. Marsella , M. N. Mazziotta , D. Mo , X. Y. Niu , X. Pan , W. X. Peng , X. Y. Peng , R. Qiao , J. N. Rao , M. M. Salinas , G. Z. Shang , W. H. Shen , Z. Q. Shen , Z. T. Shen , J. X. Song , H. Su , M. Su , Z. Y. Sun , A. Surdo , X. J. Teng , A. Tykhonov , S. Vitillo , C. Wang , H. Wang , H. Y. Wang , J. Z. Wang , L. G. Wang , Q. Wang , S. Wang , X. H. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. F. Wang , Y. P. Wang , Y. Z. Wang , Z. M. Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. F. Wei , S. C. Wen , D. Wu , J. Wu , L. B. Wu , S. S. Wu , X. Wu , K. Xi , Z. Q. Xia , H. T. Xu , Z. H. Xu , Z. L. Xu , Z. Z. Xu , G. F. Xue , H. B. Yang , P. Yang , Y. Q. Yang , Z. L. Yang , H. J. Yao , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , C. Yue , J. J. Zang , F. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , J. Z. Zhang , P. F. Zhang , S. X. Zhang , W. Z. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. J. Zhang , Y. L. Zhang , Y. P. Zhang , Y. Q. Zhang , Z. Zhang , Z. Y. Zhang , H. Zhao , H. Y. Zhao , X. F. Zhao , C. Y. Zhou , Y. Zhou , X. Zhu , Y. Zhu , S. Zimmer

Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Proton and Antiproton Spectra at Mountain Altitude

Cosmic-ray proton and antiproton spectra were measured at mountain altitude, 2770 m above sea level. We observed more than 2 x 10^5 protons and 10^2 antiprotons in a kinetic energy range between 0.25 and 3.3 GeV. The zenith-angle dependence…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 T. Sanuki , M. Fujikawa , H. Matsunaga , K. Abe , K. Anraku , H. Fuke , S. Haino , M. Imori , K. Izumi , T. Maeno , Y. Makida , N. Matsui , H. Matsumoto , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , S. Orito , M. Sasaki , Y. Shikaze , J. Suzuki , K. Tanaka , A. Yamamoto , Y. Yamamoto , K. Yamato , T. Yoshida , K. Yoshimura

The discovery of geomagnetically trapped cosmic ray antiprotons

The existence of a significant flux of antiprotons confined to Earth's magnetosphere has been considered in several theoretical works. These antiparticles are produced in nuclear interactions of energetic cosmic rays with the terrestrial…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-08-01 O. Adriani , G. C. Barbarino , G. A. Bazilevskaya , R. Bellotti , M. Boezio , E. A. Bogomolov , M. Bongi , V. Bonvicini , S. Borisov , S. Bottai , A. Bruno , F. Cafagna , D. Campana , R. Carbone , P. Carlson , M. Casolino , G. Castellini , L. Consiglio , M. P. De Pascale , C. De Santis , N. De Simone , V. Di Felice , A. M. Galper , W. Gillard , L. Grishantseva , G. Jerse , A. V. Karelin , M. D. Kheymits , S. V. Koldashov , S. Y. Krutkov , A. N. Kvashnin , A. Leonov , V. Malakhov , L. Marcelli , A. G. Mayorov , W. Menn , V. V. Mikhailov , E. Mocchiutti , A. Monaco , N. Mori , N. Nikonov , G. Osteria , F. Palma , P. Papini , M. Pearce , P. Picozza , C. Pizzolotto , M. Ricci , S. B. Ricciarini , L. Rossetto , R. Sarkar , M. Simon , R. Sparvoli , P. Spillantini , Y. I. Stozhkov , A. Vacchi , E. Vannuccini , G. Vasilyev , S. A. Voronov , Y. T. Yurkin , J. Wu , G. Zampa , N. Zampa , V. G. Zverev

Physics Results From Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 1998 Shuttle Flight

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a particle detector designed to detect antimatter. During the 10-day test flight on the space shuttle in June 1998, AMS detected $10^8$ events. Upon analysis, no antimatter was found and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ming-Huey A. Huang

Primary Proton Spectrum of Cosmic Rays measured with Single Hadrons

The flux of cosmic-ray induced single hadrons near sea level has been measured with the large hadron calorimeter of the KASCADE experiment. The measurement corroborates former results obtained with detectors of smaller size if the enlarged…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Antoni , KASCADE Collaboration

AMS, a particle spectrometer in space

The results of the AMS01 experiment are reviewed. The proton flux measured below the geomagnetic cutoff is interpreted. Some Physics prospects for AMS02 on the International Space Station are outlined.

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Buenerd

Measurement of the cosmic ray hadron spectrum up to 30 TeV at mountain altitude: the primary proton spectrum

The flux of cosmic ray hadrons at the atmospheric depth of 820 g/cm^2 has been measured by means of the EAS-TOP hadron calorimeter (Campo Imperatore, National Gran Sasso Laboratories, 2005 m a.s.l.). The hadron spectrum is well described by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 TOP Collaboration

Measurements of Atmospheric Antiprotons

We measured atmospheric antiproton spectra in the energy range 0.2 to 3.4 GeV, at sea level and at balloon altitude in the atmospheric depth range 4.5 to 26 g/cm^2. The observed energy spectra, including our previous measurements at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Yamato , K. Abe , H. Fuke , S. Haino , Y. Makida , S. Matsuda , H. Matsumoto , J. W. Mitchell , A. A. Moiseev , J. Nishimura , M. Nozaki , S. Orito , J. F. Ormes , T. Sanuki , M. Sasaki , E. S. Seo , Y. Shikaze , R. E. Streitmatter , J. Suzuki , K. Tanaka , T. Yamagami , A. Yamamoto , T. Yoshida , K. Yoshimura

Protons in the near-lunar wake observed by the Sub-keV Atom Reflection Analyzer on board Chandrayaan-1

Significant proton fluxes were detected in the near wake region of the Moon by an ion mass spectrometer on board Chandrayaan-1. The energy of these nightside protons is slightly higher than the energy of the solar wind protons. The protons…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-22 Yoshifumi Futaana , Stas Barabash , Martin Wieser , M Holmström , Anil Bhardwaj , M. B. Dhanya , R. Sridharan , Peter Wurz , Audrey Schaufelberger , Kazushi Asamura

Secondary electrons and positrons in near earth orbit

The secondary e+ and e- populations in near earth's orbit have been calculated by simulation. The results are in very good agreement with the recent AMS measurements. The e$^+$ over e$^-$ flux ratio for particles below the geomagnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 L. Derome , M. Buenerd , Yong Liu

Precise measurements of the cosmic ray proton energy spectrum in the "knee'' region

We report the high-purity identification of cosmic-ray (CR) protons and a precise measurement of their energy spectrum from 0.15 to 12 PeV using the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Abundant event statistics, combined…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-29 The LHAASO Collaboration , Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. X. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. C. Chu , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernandez-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , P. Lipari , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , G. B. Mou , H. J. Mu , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Saiz , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , W. J. Zhong , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo

Cosmic-ray spectra of primary protons and high altitude muons deconvolved from observed atmospheric gamma rays

We have observed atmospheric gamma rays from 30GeV to 8TeV, using emulsion chambers at balloon altitudes, accumulating the largest total exposure in this energy range to date, SOT ~ 6.66m^2.sr.day. At very high altitudes, with residual…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Yoshida , R. Ohmori , T. Kobayashi , Y. Komori , Y. Sato , J. Nishimura