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It is commonly assumed that every quantum system is represented by some algebra of operators. Doubt is cast on this assumption by what appears, at first glance, to be a reasonable candidate for a quantum system that is not naturally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Nick Ormrod

We present a novel derivation of special relativity based on the information physics of events comprising a causal set. We postulate that events are fundamental, and that some events have the potential to receive information about other…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-08-31 Kevin H. Knuth , Newshaw Bahrenyi

The standard model of quantum circuits assumes operations are applied in a fixed sequential "causal" order. In recent years, the possibility of relaxing this constraint to obtain causally indefinite computations has received significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Alastair A. Abbott , Mehdi Mhalla , Pierre Pocreau

Causality is a central concept in a wide range of research areas, yet there is still no universally agreed axiomatisation of causality. We view causality both as an extension of probability theory and as a study of \textit{what happens when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Junhyung Park , Simon Buchholz , Bernhard Schölkopf , Krikamol Muandet

The causal set theory (CST) approach to quantum gravity postulates that at the most fundamental level, spacetime is discrete, with the spacetime continuum replaced by locally finite posets or "causal sets". The partial order on a causal set…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-09 Sumati Surya

Quantum field theory can be physically regularized by modularizing it on several levels of aggregation. Since computation is already thoroughly modularized, physical experiments are treated here as quantum relativistic cellular computations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-18 David Ritz Finkelstein

Researchers have long been aiming to understand how the characteristics of Quantum Theory and General Relativity combine to account for regimes in their interface. One reason why this is a hard task is how differently the theories approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-05 Bruna Sahdo

Causal structures give us a way to understand the origin of observed correlations. These were developed for classical scenarios, but quantum mechanical experiments necessitate their generalisation. Here we study causal structures in a broad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Mirjam Weilenmann , Roger Colbeck

In this paper, a new approximate syllogistic reasoning schema is described that expands some of the approaches expounded in the literature into two ways: (i) a number of different types of quantifiers (logical, absolute, proportional,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-27 M. Pereira-Fariña , Juan C. Vidal , F. Díaz-Hermida , A. Bugarín

In quantum logic there is well-known arbitrariness in choosing a binary operation for conditional. Currently, we have at least three candidates, called the Sasaki conditional, the contrapositive Sasaki conditional, and the relevance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-04 Masanao Ozawa

Quantum causal histories are defined to be causal sets with Hilbert spaces attached to each event and local unitary evolution operators. The reflexivity, antisymmetry, and transitivity properties of a causal set are preserved in the quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Fotini Markopoulou

An important question that discrete approaches to quantum gravity must address is how continuum features of spacetime can be recovered from the discrete substructure. Here, we examine this question within the causal set approach to quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Seth Major , David Rideout , Sumati Surya

Unlike the relativity theory it seeks to replace, causal set theory has been interpreted to leave space for a substantive, though perhaps 'localized', form of 'becoming'. The possibility of fundamental becoming is nourished by the fact that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-02-03 Christian Wuthrich , Craig Callender

In general relativity, `causal structure' refers to the partial order on space-time points (or regions) that encodes time-like relationships. Recently, quantum information and quantum foundations saw the emergence of a `causality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-16 Aleks Kissinger , Matty Hoban , Bob Coecke

The paper is a brief informal introduction to C*-algebraic foundations of causal contextual subquantum theories. In particular, it is explained how the contextuality property (which is a necessary consistency condition of all causal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Micho Durdevich

We investigate the extrinsic geometry of causal sets in $(1+1)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The properties of boundaries in an embedding space can be used not only to measure observables, but also to supplement the discrete action in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-27 William J. Cunningham

It is difficult to extract reliable criteria for causal locality from the limited ingredients found in textbook quantum theory. In the end, Bell humbly warned that his eponymous theorem was based on criteria that "should be viewed with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Jacob A. Barandes

Causal sets are particular partially ordered sets which have been proposed as a basic model for discrete space-time in quantum gravity. We show that the class C of all countable past-finite causal sets contains a unique causal set (U,<)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Manfred Droste

In order to construct a quantum theory of gravity, we may have to abandon certain assumptions we were making. In particular, the concept of spacetime as a continuum substratum is questioned. Causal Sets is an attempt to construct a quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-02 Petros Wallden

We study the notion of causal orders for the cases of (classical and quantum) circuits and spacetime events. We show that every circuit can be immersed into a classical spacetime, preserving the compatibility between the two causal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Nikola Paunkovic , Marko Vojinovic