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Related papers: FRW-Type Universe With Vacuum Energy Density

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Among the suggested solutions to the cosmological constant problem, we find the idea of a dynamic vacuum, with an energy density decaying with the universe expansion. We investigate the possibility of a variation in the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-17 Saulo Carneiro

Perhaps the deepest mystery of our accelerating Universe in expansion is the existence of a tiny and rigid cosmological constant, $\Lambda$. Its size is many orders of magnitude below the expected one in the standard model of particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-03 Joan Sola , Adria Gomez-Valent

We propose a new approach to understand hierarchy problem for cosmological constant in terms of considering noncommutative nature of space-time. We calculate that vacuum energy density of the noncommutative quantum field theories in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiao-Jun Wang

The lower limit on the age of the universe derived from globular cluster dating techniques, which previously strongly motivated a non-zero cosmological constant, has now been dramatically reduced, allowing consistency for a flat matter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Lawrence M. Krauss

An expanding universe is not expected to have a static vacuum energy density. The so-called cosmological constant $\Lambda$ should be an approximation, certainly a good one for a fraction of a Hubble time, but it is most likely a temporary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-19 Joan Sola

We discuss the classical cosmological tests for a large class of FRW type models driven by a decaying vacuum energy density. Analytic expressions for the lookback time, age of the universe, luminosity distance, angular diameter, and galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. V. Cunha , J. A. S. Lima , N. Pires

Suppose that the early Universe starts with a quantum spacetime originated cosmological $\Lambda$-term at the Planck scale $M_{\rm pl}$. The cosmological energy density $\rho_{_{_\Lambda}}$ drives inflation and simultaneously reduces its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-27 She-Sheng Xue

We suggest that the solution to the cosmological vacuum energy puzzle does not require any new field beyond the standard model, but rather can be explained as a result of the interaction of the infrared sector of the effective theory of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-13 Federico R. Urban , Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

We phenomenologically derive a cosmological model that includes both a cosmological constant term $\Lambda/3$ and a dissipative driving term $\beta (2 H^{2} + \dot{H})$ by applying both the first law of thermodynamics and an effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-30 Nobuyoshi Komatsu

We have examined a solution to the FRW model of the Einstein and de Sitter Universe, often termed the standard model of cosmology, using wide values for the normalized cosmological constant Omega_L and spacetime curvature Omega_k with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-27 Ahmet Mecit Oztas , Michael L. Smith

Increasing improvements in the independent determinations of the Hubble constant and the age of the universe now seem to indicate that we need a small non-vanishing cosmological constant to make the two independent observations consistent…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Anupam Singh

We study the dynamics of the FLRW flat cosmological models in which the vacuum energy density varies with time, $\Lambda(t)$. In particular, we investigate the dynamical properties of a generalized vacuum model and we find that under…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Spyros Basilakos

We present a simple and self-consistent cosmology with a phenomenological model of quantum creation of radiation and matter due to decay of the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. The decay drives a non-isentropic inflationary epoch, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Edgard Gunzig , Alexei Nesteruk , Martin Stokley

We argue that, when coupled to Einstein's theory of gravity, the Yukawa theory may solve the cosmological constant problem in the following sense: The radiative corrections of fermions generate an effective potential for the scalar field,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Tomislav Prokopec

Building upon our recently established correspondence between quantum cosmology and the hydrogen atom [1], we investigate the specific sector of a negative cosmological constant ($\Lambda < 0$) in a flat FLRW universe with dust. While the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-29 Dipayan Mukherjee , Harkirat Singh Sahota , S. Shankaranarayanan

We point out that the standard formulation of the cosmological constant problem itself is problematic since it is trying to apply the very large scale homogeneous cosmological model to very small (Planck) scale phenomenon. At small scales,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-05 Qingdi Wang , William G. Unruh

We construct models of universe with a generalized equation of state $p=(\alpha \rho+k\rho^{1+1/n})c^2$ having a linear component and a polytropic component. In this paper, we consider negative indices $n<0$. In that case, the polytropic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-01 Pierre-Henri Chavanis

The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is a free parameter in Einstein's equations of gravity. We propose to fix its value with a boundary condition: test particles should be free when outside causal contact, e.g. at infinity. Under this…

General Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Enrique Gaztanaga

Recent studies of quantum field theory in FLRW spacetime suggest that the cause of the speeding up of the universe is the running vacuum (RV). Appropriate renormalization of the energy-momentum tensor shows that the vacuum energy density is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-19 Cristian Moreno-Pulido , Joan Sola Peracaula

A phenomenological model is proposed to explain the recent observed cosmological variation of the fine structure constant as an effect of the quantum vacuum, assuming a flat universe with cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in the cases…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-17 Antonio F. Rañada