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Related papers: Tunneling in $\Lambda$ Decaying Cosmologies and th…

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The tunneling probability for a system modelling macroscopic quantum tunneling is computed. We consider an open quantum system with one degree of freedom consisting of a particle trapped in a cubic potential interacting with an environment…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Esteban Calzetta , Enric Verdaguer

Recent observational indications of an accelerating universe enhance the interest in studying models with a cosmological constant. We investigate cosmological expansion (FRW metric) with $\Lambda>0$ for a general linear equation of state…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. S. Silbergleit

The construction of traversable wormholes (WHs) with a cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, introduces significant challenges and leads to non-trivial modifications of the spacetime geometry. In this work, we obtain an analytical solution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-12 Rajesh Karmakar , Xian-Hui Ge

Friedmans cosmological equations for the scale factor are analyzed for the Universe containing dark energy. The parameter of the equation of state of the dark energy is treated as an arbitrary constant whose value lies within the interval…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-13 M. V. Sazhin , O. S. Sazhina , U. Chadayammuri

We examine Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models in three spacetime dimensions. The matter content of the models is composed of a perfect fluid, with a $\gamma$-law equation of state, and a homogeneous scalar field minimally coupled to gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Norman Cruz , Cristian Martinez

The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is a measure of the energy density of the vacuum. Therefore properties of the energy of the system in the metastable vacuum state reflect properties of $\Lambda = \Lambda(t)$. We analyze properties of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-23 Krzysztof Urbanowski

We discuss how to extract information about the cosmological constant from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, considered as an eigenvalue of a Sturm-Liouville problem. The equation is approximated to one loop with the help of a variational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-17 Remo Garattini

We have studied the closed universe model with the variable cosmological term, which is presented as a sum of two terms: Lambda=Lambda_0 -k R. First term Lambda_0 is a constant and it is describing a sum of quantum field's zero…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. I. Fomin , P. A. Nakaznoy , S. I. Vilchinskyi

We study the decay of the cosmological constant in two spacetime dimensions through production of pairs. We show that the same nucleation process looks as quantum mechanical tunneling (instanton) to one Killing observer and as thermal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Andres Gomberoff , Marc Henneaux , Claudio Teitelboim

We analyze quantum-mechanical counterpart of Newtonian cosmology and show that effects of zero-point motion eliminate classical density singularity. Quantum effects are particularly significant for closed Universes where without the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-26 Eugene B. Kolomeisky

Motivated by the cosmological constant and the coincidence problems, we consider a cosmological model where the cosmological constant $\Lambda_0$ is replaced by a cosmological term $\Lambda(t)$ which is allowed to vary in time. More…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-24 Vincent Poitras

After a short history of the $\Lambda$-term it is explained why the (effective) cosmological constant is expected to obtain contributions from short-distance physics, corresponding to an energy at least as large as the Fermi scale. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann

We provide a semiclassical theory of tunneling decay in a magnetic field and a three-dimensional potential of a general form. Because of broken time-reversal symmetry, the standard WKB technique has to be modified. The decay rate is found…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Sharpee , M. I. Dykman , P. M. Platzman

Tunneling rate is investigated in homogenous and anisotropic cosmologies. The calculations is done by two methods: Euclidean and Hamiltonian approaches. It is found that the probability decreases exponentialy as anisotropy is increased.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 R. Mansouri , M. Mohazzab

This paper deals with the cancellation mechanism, which identifies the energy density of space-time expansion in an empty universe with the zero-point energy density and avoids the scale discrepancy with the observed energy density…

General Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Christian Henke

An expanding closed universe filled with radiation can either recollapse or tunnel to the regime of unbounded expansion, if the cosmological constant is nonzero. We re-examine the question of particle creation during tunneling, with the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 J. Hong , A. Vilenkin , S. Winitzki

The evolution of spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models containing a perfect fluid with equation of state p=w\rho\ and a cosmological constant \Lambda\ is investigated for arbitrary combinations of w and \Lambda, using…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-09-19 Sebastiano Sonego , Vittorino Talamini

I propose an observationally and theoretically consistent resolution of the cosmological constant problem: $\Lambda$ is a counterterm -- with a running coupling -- that balances the monopole celestial sky average of the kinetic energy of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-03 David L. Wiltshire

String theory has no parameter except the string scale, so a dynamically compactified solution to 4 dimensional spacetime should determine both the Planck scale and the cosmological constant $\Lambda$. In the racetrack K\"ahler uplift flux…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-25 Stefano Andriolo , Shing Yan Li , S. H. Henry Tye

One of the main interest in quantum cosmology is to determine boundary conditions for the wave function of the universe which can predict observational data of our universe. For this purpose, we solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-23 Hiroshi Suenobu , Yasusada Nambu