Related papers: The Genuine Cosmic Rosetta
It is argued that when the dimension of space is a constant integer the full set of Einstein's field equations has more information than the spatial components of Einstein's equation plus the energy conservation law. Applying the former…
Soon after he proposed three classic observational tests for the general theory of relativity, Einstein realised that a consistent description of the universe as a whole provided another important challenge for the theory. In this essay, we…
Stability of the Einstein static universe versus the linear scalar, vector and tensor perturbations is investigated in the context of deformed Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz cosmology inspired by entropic force scenario. A general stability condition…
The general world model for homogeneous and isotropic universe has been roposed. For this purpose, we introduce a global and fiducial system of reference (world reference frame) constructed on a 5-dimensional space-time that is embedding…
The stability properties of the Einstein Static solution of General Relativity are altered when corrective terms arising from modification of the underlying gravitational theory appear in the cosmological equations. In this paper the…
Five-dimensional relativity as an extension of general relativity has field equations that simplify considerably given the adoption of a new gauge. The result is a scalar field governed by the Klein-Gordon equation, in an empty spacetime…
The energy conditions of Einstein gravity (classical general relativity) do not require one to fix a specific equation of state. In a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe where the equation of state for the cosmological fluid is uncertain,…
The universe is viewed as a dust gas filling a sphere and floating in infinite empty space. Einstein's gravitational equations are applied to this case together with appropriate boundary values. The equations are solved for initial…
The large-scale dynamics of the universe is generally described in terms of the time-dependent scale factor $a(t)$. To make contact with observational data, the $a(t)$ function needs to be related to the observable $z(r)$ function, redshift…
Most of the literature on general relativity over the last century assumes that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is zero. However, by now independent observations have led to a consensus that the dynamics of the universe is best…
We present a theory based upon the treatment of the gravitational field as a sea of gravity quanta, as defined elsewhere. The resultant model for the Universe is a static one, like Einstein first saw, with a new feature: a local shrinking…
We discuss the future evolution of the universe in the light of recent observations. The apparent luminosity vs. redshift of supernovae favor an accelerating universe. However an Einstein-de Sitter critical universe should not be ruled out…
A stationary line element of general relativity seems to be compatible to essential cosmological facts (though only as far as one can expect solving the nonlinear Einstein equations neglecting local cosmic evolution and all spatial…
The product of two empirical constants, the dimensionless fine structure constant and the von Klitzing constant (an electrical resistance), turns out to be an exact dimensionless number. Then the accuracy and cosmological time variation (if…
A panoramic view, preceded by a short background of Newtonian mechanics and Maxwellian electrodynamics, is offered on the extent of how Einstein's space-time geometry, believed to be central to an understanding of the structure of the…
Had Einstein followed the Bianchi differential identity for the derivation of his equation of motion for gravitation, $\Lambda$ would have emerged as a true new constant of spacetime on the same footing as the velocity of light? It is then…
We present the results of two empirical constancies: the fine structure constant and the Rydberg constant. When the speed of light c is taken away from the fine structure constant, as shown elsewhere, this constancy implies the constancy of…
This paper analyzes the stability of the closed Einstein static universe by using linear homogeneous perturbations in the framework of energy-momentum squared gravity. This newly developed proposal resolves the primordial singularity and…
It is generally argued that the present cosmological observations support the accelerating models of the universe, as driven by the cosmological constant or `dark energy'. We argue here that an alternative model of the universe is possible…
We demonstrate that as we extrapolate the current $\Lambda$CDM universe forward in time, all evidence of the Hubble expansion will disappear, so that observers in our "island universe" will be fundamentally incapable of determining the true…