Related papers: The Area Spectrum in Quantum Gravity

A new functional calculus, developed recently for a fully non-perturbative treatment of quantum gravity, is used to begin a systematic construction of a quantum theory of geometry. Regulated operators corresponding to areas of 2-surfaces…

In this note we show that in a two-dimensional non-commutative space the area operator is quantized, this outcome is compared with the result obtained by Loop Quantum Gravity methods.

Utilizing the previously established general formalism for quantum symmetry reduction in the framework of loop quantum gravity the spectrum of the area operator acting on spherically symmetric states in 4 dimensional pure gravity is…

Suppose that there is a quantum operator that describes the horizon area of a black hole. Then what would be the form of the ensuing quantum spectrum? In this regard, it has been conjectured that the characteristic frequencies of the black…

The enumeration of black hole entropy in candidate theories of quantum gravity utilises the quantum properties of microstates residing on the black hole horizon. For example, in Loop Quantum Gravity, the computation of entropy is based on…

I investigate the relation between an operative definition of the area of a surface specified by matter fields and the area operators recently introduced in the canonical/loop approach to Quantum Gravity and in Rovelli's variant of the…

The spectrum of the area operator for a Schwarzschild black hole in loop quantum gravity is fixed by the demand that the entropy of a black hole is maximum. This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due a crucial error in the derivation.

In this paper, we consider the quantum area spectrum for a rotating and charged (Kerr-Newman) black hole. Generalizing a recent study on Kerr black holes (which was inspired by the static-black hole formalism of Barvinsky, Das and…

We show that fluctuations of bulk operators that are restricted to some region of space scale as the surface area of the region, independently of its geometry. Specifically, we consider two point functions of operators that are integrals…

The adiabatic invariant nature of black hole horizon area in classical gravity suggests that in quantum theory the corresponding operator has a discrete spectrum. I here develop further an algebraic approach to black hole quantization which…

We examine and compare different area spectra that have been recently considered in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). In particular we focus our attention on a Equally Spaced (ES) spectrum operator introduced by Alekseev et. al. that has gained…

We present a straightforward and self-contained introduction to the basics of the loop approach to quantum gravity, and a derivation of what is arguably its key result, namely the spectral analysis of the area operator. We also discuss the…

Simple arguments related to the entropy of black holes strongly constrain the spectrum of the area operator for a Schwarzschild black hole in loop quantum gravity. In particular, this spectrum is fixed completely by the assumption that the…

It has been argued by several authors that the quantum mechanical spectrum of black hole horizon area must be discrete. This has been confirmed in different formalisms, using different approaches. Here we concentrate on two approaches, the…

In this paper, I show that if a spin network is cut by a surface separating space-time into two regions, the sum of spins of edges crossing the surface must be an integer. This gives a restriction on the area spectrum of such surfaces,…

The choice of the area operator in loop quantum gravity is by no means unique. In addition to the area operator commonly used in loop quantum gravity there is also an area operator introduced by Krasnov in 1998, which gives uniformly spaced…

We compute the complete spectrum of the area operator in the loop representation of quantum gravity, using recoupling theory. This result extends previous derivations, which did not include the ``degenerate'' sector, and agrees with the…

Within the context of loop quantum gravity there are several operators which measure geometry quantities. This work examines two of these operators, volume and angle, to study quantum geometry at a single spin network vertex - ``an atom of…

Results that illuminate the physical interpretation of states of nonperturbative quantum gravity are obtained using the recently introduced loop variables. It is shown that: i) While local operators such as the metric at a point may not be…

It has been argued by several authors, using different formalisms, that the quantum mechanical spectrum of black hole horizon area is discrete and uniformly spaced. Recently it was shown that two such approaches, namely the one involving…