Related papers: Dual formulation of spin network evolution

In this work we provide a triple master action interpolating among three self-dual descriptions of massive spin-3/2 particles in $D=2+1$ dimensions. Such result generalizes a master action previously suggested in the literature. We also…

It is known that the Maxwell theory in $D$ dimensions can be written in a first order form (in derivatives) by introducing a totally antisymmetric field which leads to a $(D-3)$-form dual theory. Remarkably, one can replace the…

The dynamical evolution of collisionless particles in an expanding background is described. After discussing qualitatively the key features, the gravitational clustering of collisionless particles in an expanding universe is modelled using…

This paper presents a permutation binary neural network characterized by local binary connection, global permutation connection, and the signum activation function. The dynamics is described by a difference equation of binary state…

Generic cosmological models derived from higher dimensional theories with warped extra dimensions have a nonzero cosmological constant-like term induced on the 3+1 space-time, or a physical 3-brane. In the scenario where this 3+1 space-time…

We study the temporal co-variation of network co-evolution via the cross-link structure of networks, for which we take advantage of the formalism of hypergraphs to map cross-link structures back to network nodes. We investigate two sets of…

Several network growth models have been proposed in the literature that attempt to incorporate properties of citation networks. Generally, these models aim at retaining the degree distribution observed in real-world networks. In this work,…

We present in this paper the formalism for the splitting of a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold by a set of time-like integral curves. Introducing the geometrical tensors characterizing the local spatial frames induced by the congruence…

For decades, complex networks, such as social networks, biological networks, chemical networks, technological networks, have been used to study the evolution and dynamics of different kinds of complex systems. These complex systems can be…

The World Wide Web thrives on intelligent services that rely on accurate time series classification, which has recently witnessed significant progress driven by advances in deep learning. However, existing studies face challenges in domain…

We present a detailed analysis of a recently introduced version of Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) that does not rely on a distinguished time slicing. Focussing on the case of 2+1 spacetime dimensions, we analyze its geometric and…

Recent studies have revealed that neural networks learn interpretable algorithms for many simple problems. However, little is known about how these algorithms emerge during training. In this article, I study the training dynamics of a small…

String theory, as a theory containing quantum gravity, is usually thought to require more dimensions of spacetime than the usual 3+1. Here I argue on physical grounds that needing extra dimensions for strings may well be an artefact of…

We consider a class of spin systems on randomly triangulated surfaces as discrete approximations to conformal matter fields coupled to 2d gravity. On the basis of certain universality assumptions we argue that at critical points with…

A large class of the dynamical laws for causal sets described by a classical process of sequential growth yield a cyclic universe, whose cycles of expansion and contraction are punctuated by single `origin elements' of the causal set. We…

Consider a graph having quantum systems lying at each node. Suppose that the whole thing evolves in discrete time steps, according to a global, unitary causal operator. By causal we mean that information can only propagate at a bounded…

Quantum spin networks overcome the challenges of traditional charge-based electronics by encoding the information into spin degrees of freedom. Although beneficial for transmitting information with minimal losses when compared to their…

Links in a practical network may have different functions, which makes the original network a combination of some functional subnetworks. Here, by a model of coupled oscillators, we investigate how such functional subnetworks are evolved…

We formulate the string field theory in zero-dimensional target space corresponding to the two-dimensional quantum gravity theory defined through Causal Dynamical Triangulations. This third quantization of the quantum gravity theory allows…

We review the recent fast progress in statistical physics of evolving networks. Interest has focused mainly on the structural properties of random complex networks in communications, biology, social sciences and economics. A number of giant…