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The Hamiltonian of a gravitational system defined in a region with boundary is quantized. The classical Hamiltonian, and starting point for the regularization, is required by functional differentiablity of the Hamiltonian constraint. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Seth A. Major

We show that the principal part of the Dirac Hamiltonian in 3+1 dimensions emerges in a semi-classical approximation from a construction which encodes the kinematics of quantum gravity. The construction is a spectral triple over a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-18 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup , Mario Paschke

We compute explicitly the equations of motion of the Hamiltonian formulation of quadratic gravity. This is the theory with the most general Lagrangian with terms of quadratic order in the curvature tensor. We employ the symbolic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Jorge Bellorin

The Neumann--Zagier matrices of an ideal triangulation are integer matrices with symplectic properties whose entries encode the number of tetrahedra that wind around each edge of the triangulation. They can be used as input data for the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Stavros Garoufalidis , Seokbeom Yoon

We focus on three-dimensional QRLG with the purpose of shedding light on the link between reduced LQG and LQC in four space-time dimensions. Considering homogeneous three-dimensional LQG, the theory simplifies to QRLG. We then implement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-06 Jakub Bilski , Antonino Marciano

We show that Vassiliev invariants of knots, appropriately generalized to the spin network context, are loop differentiable in spite of being diffeomorphism invariant. This opens the possibility of defining rigorously the constraints of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Griego , Jorge Pullin

The Hamiltonian formulation of scalar-tensor theories of gravity is derived from their Lagrangian formulation by Hamiltonian analysis. The Hamiltonian formalism marks off two sectors of the theories by the coupling parameter $\omega(\phi)$.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Xiangdong Zhang , Yongge Ma

In this study, we model a spin-network in loop quantum gravity as a regular tetrahedral lattice, applying lattice physics techniques to study its structure and vertex dynamics. Using the area eigenvalue, $A\propto 8\pi l_P^2$, we derive a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-22 Noah M. MacKay

Smolin has pointed out that the spin network formulation of quantum gravity will not necessarily possess the long range correlations needed for a proper classical limit; typically, the action of the scalar constraint is too local.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Donald E. Neville

We present a separable version of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) based on an inductive system of cubic lattices. We construct semi-classical states for which the LQG operators -- the flux, the area and the volume operators -- have the right…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-24 Johannes Aastrup , Jesper M. Grimstrup

We give a matrix formulation of the Hamiltonian structures of constrained KP hierarchy. First, we derive from the matrix formulation the Hamiltonian structure of the one-constraint KP hierarchy, which was originally obtained by Oevel and…

solv-int · Physics 2009-10-31 Wen-Jui Huang , Jiin-Chang Shaw , Ming-Hsien Tu

In this second paper on loop quantization of Gowdy model, we introduce the kinematical Hilbert space on which appropriate holonomies and fluxes are well represented. The quantization of the volume operator and the Gauss constraint is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Kinjal Banerjee , Ghanashyam Date

We introduce a master constraint operator on the kinematical Hilbert space of loop quantum gravity representing a set of gauge conditions which classically fix the densitized triad to be diagonal. We argue that the master constraint…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-01 Ilkka Mäkinen

We summarize the basics of the loop representation of quantum gravity and describe the main aspects of the formalism, including its latest developments, in a reorganized and consistent form. Recoupling theory, in its graphical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Roberto De Pietri , C. Rovelli

We present a systematic expansion of all constraint equations in canonical quantum gravity up to the order of the inverse Planck mass squared. It is demonstrated that this method generates the conventional Feynman diagrammatic technique…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 A. O. Barvinsky , C. Kiefer

We present a concrete and explicit construction of a new scalar constraint operator for loop quantum gravity. The operator is defined on the recently introduced space of partially diffeomorphism invariant states, and this space is preserved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-26 Mehdi Assanioussi , Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen

We perform a Nf = 2 + 1 lattice QCD simulation to determine the quark spin fractions of hadrons using the Feynman-Hellmann theorem. By introducing an external spin operator to the fermion action, the matrix elements relevant for quark spin…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-07-30 A. J. Chambers , R. Horsley , Y. Nakamura , H. Perlt , D. Pleiter , P. E. L. Rakow , G. Schierholz , A. Schiller , H. Stüben , R. D. Young , J. M. Zanotti

By adopting a local QFT framework one can derive in a non-perturbative manner the constraints imposed by Poincar\'e symmetry on the form factors appearing in the Lorentz covariant decomposition of the energy-momentum tensor matrix elements.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-09 Peter Lowdon , Sabrina Cotogno , Cédric Lorcé

We calculate convergent 3-loop Feynman diagrams containing a single massive loop equipped with twist $\tau =2$ local operator insertions corresponding to spin $N$. They contribute to the massive operator matrix elements in QCD describing…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-19 Jakob Ablinger , Johannes Blümlein , Clemens Raab , Carsten Schneider , Fabian Wißbrock

We study the quantum fermions+gravity system, that is, the gravitational counterpart of QED. We start from the standard Einstein-Weyl theory, reformulated in terms of Ashtekar variables; and we construct its non- perturbative quantum theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 H A Marales-Tecotl , C Rovelli