Related papers: The Generalised Raychaudhuri Equations : Examples
We introduce and develop the 1+3 covariant approach to relativity and cosmology to spacetimes of arbitrary dimensions that have nonzero torsion and do not satisfy the metricity condition. Focusing on timelike observers, we identify and…
We study singular hypersurfaces in tensor multi-scalar theories of gravity. We derive in a distributional and then in an intrinsic way, the general equations of junction valid for all types of hypersurfaces, in particular for lightlike…
Embedding theorems have continued to be a topic of interest in the general theory of relativity since these help connect the classical theory to higher-dimensional manifolds. This paper deals with spacetimes of embedding class one, i.e.,…
In these notes we discuss some relations between complex analysis (derivatives of Cauchy integrals) and curvatures of curves and surfaces. In higher dimensions the Cauchy integrals are based on generalizations of complex analysis using…
The formulation of General Relativity in which the 4-dimensional space-time is embedded in a flat host space of higher dimension is reconsidered. New classes of embeddings (modeled after Nash's classical free embeddings) are introduced.…
This work investigates the use of smooth neural networks for modeling dynamic variations of implicit surfaces under the level set equation (LSE). For this, it extends the representation of neural implicit surfaces to the space-time…
We study the kinematics of timelike geodesic congruences in two and four dimensions in spacetime geometries representing stringy black holes. The Raychaudhuri equations for the kinematical quantities (namely, expansion, shear and rotation)…
In this paper we develop an abstract theory for the Codazzi equation on surfaces, and use it as an analytic tool to derive new global results for surfaces in the space forms ${\bb R}^3$, ${\bb S}^3$ and ${\bb H}^3$. We give essentially…
In General Relativity, gravity is universally attractive, a feature embodied by the Raychaudhuri equation which requires that the expansion of a congruence of geodesics is always non-increasing, as long as matter obeys the strong or weak…
The present work deals with an exhaustive study of bouncing cosmology in the background of homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker space-time. The geometry of the bouncing point has been studied extensively and used as…
Exact solutions of the string equations of motion in a specific Lorentzian wormhole background are obtained. These include both closed and open string configurations. Perturbations about some of these configurations are investigated using…
We present an overview of some recent developments in the theory of generalized formal series, grounded in diffeological geometric framework. These constructions aim to offer new tools for understanding infinite-dimensional phenomena in…
A generalization of the notion of a (pseudo-) Riemannian space is proposed in a framework of noncommutative geometry. In particular, there are parametrized families of generalized Riemannian spaces which are deformations of classical…
Deformations of spacelike hypersurfaces in space-time play an important role in discussions of general covariance and slicing independence in gravitational theories. In a canonical formulation, they provide the geometrical meaning of gauge…
The subject of moving curves (and surfaces) in three dimensional space (3-D) is a fascinating topic not only because it represents typical nonlinear dynamical systems in classical mechanics, but also finds important applications in a…
We consider in this paper the $FRS$-deformations of a family of space curves with codimension $\leq 3$. Some geometric aspects of a space curve such as flattenings, vertices and twistings points has been studied.
A new strategy for the reconstruction of $f(R)$ gravity models have been attempted using Raychaudhuri equation. Two examples, one for an eternally accelerating universe and the other for one that mimics a ${\Lambda}$CDM expansion history…
We analyse the singularity formation of congruences of solutions of systems of second order PDEs via the construction of \emph{shape maps}. The trace of such maps represents a congruence volume whose collapse we study through an appropriate…
In this paper we investigate the fate of the universe with an anisotropic background sourced by anisotropic matter. We see the behaviour of the Raychaudhuri Equation and investigate wheather a congrurence of time like geodesics focus to a…
We consider biharmonic submanifolds in both generalized complex and Sasakian space forms. After giving the biharmonicity conditions for submanifolds in these spaces, we study different particular cases for which we obtain curvature…