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The quantum mechanical definition of probability, the uncertainty principle and Poincare invariance provide strong basic restrictions on the ability to define spatial densities associated with form factors describing the properties of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-22 Gerald A. Miller

Recently, a new choice of variables was identified to understand how the quantum group structure appeared in three-dimensional gravity [1]. These variables are introduced via a canonical transformation generated by a boundary term. We show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-10 Florian Girelli , Abdulmajid Osumanu , Wolfgang Wieland

I propose the Langevin equation for 3-geometries in the Ashtekar's formalism to describe 4D Euclidean quantum gravity, in the sense that the corresponding Fokker-Planck hamiltonian recovers the hamiltonian in 4D quantum gravity exactly. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 N. Nakazawa

We analyze the canonical treatment of classical constrained mechanical systems formulated with a discrete time. We prove that under very general conditions, it is possible to introduce nonsingular canonical transformations that preserve the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Cayetano Di Bartolo , Rodolfo Gambini , Rafael Porto , Jorge Pullin

A description of the canonical formulation of lineal gravity minimally coupled to N point particles in a circular topology is given. The Hamiltonian is found to be equal to the time-rate of change of the extrinsic curvature multiplied by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 R. B. Mann

The Hamiltonian formulation of the tetrad gravity in any dimension higher than two, using its first order form when tetrads and spin connections are treated as independent variables, is discussed and the complete solution of the three…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 A. M. Frolov , N. Kiriushcheva , S. V. Kuzmin

The conservative dynamics of two point masses given in harmonic coordinates up to the third post-Newtonian (3pN) order is treated within the framework of constrained canonical dynamics. A representation of the approximate Poincar\'e algebra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Raoul-Martin Memmesheimer , Gerhard Schäfer

We use Boulware's Hamiltonian formalism of quadratic gravity theories in order to analyze the classical behaviour of Bianchi cosmological models for a Lagrangian density containing quadratic terms in the curvature. For this purpose we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Jacques Demaret , Laurent Querella

By using the algebra of exterior forms and the first order formalism with constraints, an alternative derivation of the field equations for the Minimal massive 3D gravity model is presented.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-24 Ahmet Baykal

It is widely accepted that the fundamental geometrical law of nature should follow from an action principle. The particular subset of transformations of a system's dynamical variables that maintain the form of the action principle comprises…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-24 Jürgen Struckmeier

Canonical quantization of gravity requires knowledge about the representation theory of its constraint algebra, which is physically equivalent to the algebra of arbitrary 4-diffeomorphisms. All interesting lowest-energy representations are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-09-20 T. A. Larsson

We advocate lattice methods as the tool of choice to constructively define a background-independent theory of Lorentzian quantum gravity and explore its physical properties in the Planckian regime. The formulation that arguably has most…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2011-05-30 J. Ambjorn , J. Jurkiewicz , R. Loll

One can try to define the theory of quantum gravity as the sum over geometries. In two dimensions the sum over {\it Euclidean} geometries can be performed constructively by the method of {\it dynamical triangulations}. One can define a {\it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 J. Ambjorn

These notes summarise a talk surveying the combinatorial or Hamiltonian quantisation of three dimensional gravity in the Chern-Simons formulation, with an emphasis on the role of quantum groups and on the way the various physical constants…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-20 Bernd J Schroers

We construct explicitly generators of projectable four-dimensional diffeomorphisms and triad rotation gauge symmetries in a model of vacuum gravity where the fundamental dynamical variables in a Palatini formulation are taken to be a lapse,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury , L. C. Shepley

We investigate the canonical quantization of gravity coupled to pointlike matter in 2+1 dimensions. Starting from the usual point particle action in the first order formalism, we introduce auxiliary variables which make the action locally…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniel Kabat , Miguel Ortiz

We study the canonical structure of three-dimensional topologically massive gravity with a cosmological constant, using the full power of Dirac's method for constrained Hamiltonian systems. It is found that the dimension of the physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-05-29 M. Blagojević , B. Cvetković

Ashtekar's formulation for canonical quantum gravity is known to possess the topological solutions which have their supports only on the moduli space $\CN$ of flat $SL(2,C)$ connections. We show that each point on the moduli space $\CN$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Kiyoshi Ezawa

For a theory with first and second class constraints, we propose a procedure for conversion of second class constraints based on deformation the structure of local symmetries of the Lagrangian formulation. It does not require extension or…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 A. A. Deriglazov , Z. Kuznetsova

The Hamiltonian of the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation (RTG) with nonzero graviton mass is derived. Scalar field is taken as a matter source. The second class constraints are excluded and Dirac brackets are obtained. There are no first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-01 V. O. Soloviev , M. V. Tchichikina