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Related papers: A note on the averaged null energy condition in qu…

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We show that Lorentzian (traversable) wormholes and time machines with semi-classical spacetimes are unstable due to their violation of the null energy condition (NEC). Semi-classicality of the energy-momentum tensor in a given quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Roman V. Buniy , Stephen D. H. Hsu

The non-minimal coupling of scalar fields to gravity has been claimed to violate energy conditions, leading to exotic phenomena such as traversable wormholes, even in classical theories. In this work we adopt the view that the non-minimal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-21 Jackson R. Fliss , Ben Freivogel , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Diego Pardo Santos

We develop a symmetric traversable wormhole model, integrating Einstein's gravitational coupling phantom field and a nonlinear electromagnetic field. This work indicates the emergence of negative ADM mass within a specific parameter range,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-08 Chen-Hao Hao , Long-Xing Huang , Xin Su , Yong-Qiang Wang

Traversable wormholes have traditionally been viewed as intrinsically topological entities in some multiply connected spacetime. Here, we show that topology is too limited a tool to accurately characterize a generic traversable wormhole: in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-30 David Hochberg , Matt Visser

We clarify the role of the oft-misunderstood Null Energy Condition (NEC) in the context of the current cosmological data. In particular, the NEC implies the sum of the total energy density and pressure satisfies $\rho_{tot}+P_{tot} \ge 0$;…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Robert R. Caldwell , Eric V. Linder

We study the relation between geodesic completeness, the averaged null energy condition (ANEC), and spatial curvature in Friedmann--Robertson--Walker (FRW) cosmology within classical general relativity. Using the affinely parameterized ANEC…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-20 Nathan L. Burwig , Damien A. Easson

The violation of the null energy condition (NEC) is essential for constructing nonsingular cosmological scenarios, such as Genesis cosmology, which avoids the initial singularity by initiating cosmic evolution from an asymptotically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-19 Dong-Hui Yu , Mian Zhu , Yong Cai

Properties of $n(\ge 5)$-dimensional static wormhole solutions are investigated in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with or without a cosmological constant $\Lambda$. We assume that the spacetime has symmetries corresponding to the isometries…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Hideki Maeda , Masato Nozawa

Recently, a de-Sitter epoch has been found in the new model of loop quantum cosmology which is governed by the scalar constraint with both of Euclidean and Lorentz terms. The singularity free bounce in the new LQC model and the emergent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-30 Gaoping Long , Yunlong Liu , Xiangdong Zhang

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is the only known consistent local energy condition in quantum theories. Contrary to the classical energy condition which are known to be violated in QFT, QNEC is a consequence of the quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-16 Philipp Stanzer

Violation of the null energy condition plays an important role both in the general theory of relativity and quantum field theory in curved spacetimes. Over the years, it has been shown that the violation of the null energy condition leads…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-14 Susobhan Mandal

A `quantum inequality' (a conjectured relation between the energy density of a free quantum field and the time during which this density is observed) has recently been used to rule out some of the macroscopic wormholes and warp drives. I…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Krasnikov

We establish a new no-go theorem for cosmology: spatially flat ($k=0$) and open ($k=-1$) Friedmann--Robertson--Walker (FRW) non-static spacetimes cannot be simultaneously nonsingular, geodesically complete, and consistent with the averaged…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-27 Nathan L. Burwig , Damien A. Easson

This paper discusses traversable wormholes in a dark-energy setting by starting with a model due to Sung-Won Kim. This model, based on the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker model, is combined with a generalized Kaluza-Klein model. It is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-01 Peter K. F. Kuhfittig

A variational calculation is presented of the ADM-energy of the quantized gravitational field around a wormhole solution of the classical Einstein's equations. One finds the energy of such state to be in general lower than the perturbative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Giuliano Preparata , She-Sheng Xue

For the quantised, massless, minimally coupled real scalar field in four-dimensional Minkowski space, we show (by an explicit construction) that weighted averages of the null-contracted stress-energy tensor along null geodesics are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 C. J. Fewster , T. A. Roman

We consider the nonlinear energy conditions and their quantum extensions. These new energy conditions behave much better than the usual pointwise energy conditions in the presence of semiclassical quantum effects. Analogous quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Prado Martin-Moruno

Quantum fields are well known to violate the weak energy condition of general relativity: the renormalised energy density at any given point is unbounded from below as a function of the quantum state. By contrast, for the scalar and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Christopher J Fewster , Rainer Verch

The Improved Quantum Null Energy Condition (INEC) was recently derived from the (restricted) quantum focusing conjecture (QFC), and is a statement about the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of field theories in Minkowski space-time. It is a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-28 Ido Ben-Dayan , Ayushi Srivastava

Wormhole solutions, bridges that connect different parts of spacetime, were proposed early in the history of General Relativity. Soon after, it was shown that all wormholes violate classical energy conditions, which are non-negativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-09 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou