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Gravitational response of real objects is a fascinating topic. Einstein formalized the Galileo-Newton ideas of equality of free falls into complete physical equivalence or the Principle of Equivalence [Albert Einstein, The meaning of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-08-27 Timir Datta , Ming Yin

Many physicists, following Einstein, believe that the ultimate aim of theoretical physics is to find a unified theory of all interactions which would not depend on any free dimensionless constant, i.e., a dimensionless constant that is only…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Sebastian J. Szybka

In Einstein's general relativity, with its nonlinear field equations, the discoveries and analyzes of various specific explicit solutions made a great impact on understanding many of the unforeseen features of the theory. Some solutions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jiri Bicak

Soon after he proposed three classic observational tests for the general theory of relativity, Einstein realised that a consistent description of the universe as a whole provided another important challenge for the theory. In this essay, we…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 Cormac O'Raifeartaigh

Although the wish to unify theories into something more fundamental is omnipresent and compelling, nonetheless, in a sense, theories must first be unifiable. The reasons for the success of the unification of electricity and magnetism into a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 D Delphenich

I briefly summarized some recent work which uses the techniques of effective field theory to make quantum predictions in general relativity. In contrast to conventional expectations, these are in fact well behaved. The leading quantum…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 John F. Donoghue

By using an unmodified Einstein gravity theory it is shown that all of the speeding-up effects taking place in the current universe are entirely due to the quantum effects associated with the background radiation or to the combination of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Pedro F. Gonzalez-Diaz , Alberto Rozas-Fernandez

Special theory of relativity has been formulated in a vacuum momentum-energy representation which is equivalent to Einstein special relativity and predicts just the same results as it. Although in this sense such a formulation would be at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. F. Gonzalez-Diaz

Starting with a field theoretic approach in Minkowski space, the gravitational energy momentum tensor is derived from the Einstein equations in a straightforward manner. This allows to present them as {\it acceleration tensor} = const.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

In a previous work we have shown that the null result of the Michelson-Morley experiment in vacuum is deeply connected with the notion of time. The same is true for the the postulate of constancy of the two-way speed of light in vacuum in…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Rodrigo de Abreu , Vasco Guerra

In order to clarify why the zero-point energy associated with the vacuum fluctuations cannot be a candidate for the dark energy in the universe, a comparison with the Casimir effect is analyzed in some detail. A principle of epistemology is…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guang-jiong Ni

With the arrival of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, the strong gravitational field regime will be explored soon in various aspects. In this article, we provide a general review over cylindrical systems in Einstein's theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-13 K. Bronnikov , N. O. Santos , Anzhong Wang

There is a myth that Einstein's discovery of general relativity was due to his following beautiful mathematics to discover new insights about nature. I argue that this is an incorrect reading of the history and that what Einstein did was to…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-12-24 Lee Smolin

We investigate a possible unified theory of all interactions which is based only on fundamental spinor fields. The vielbein and metric arise as composite objects. The effective quantum gravitational theory can lead to a modification of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 C. Wetterich

The cause of an infringement in GR of a gravitational field energy conservation law is investigated . The equation of a gravitational field not contradicting to the energy conservation law is suggested. This equation satisfy to the…

General Physics · Physics 2009-01-16 Roald Sosnovskiy

Einstein's theory of general relativity and quantum theory form the two major pillars of modern physics. However, certain inertial properties of a particle's intrinsic spin are inconspicuous while the inertial properties of mass are well…

This paper completes a three-part study of Einstein's 1905 special relativity by reconstructing the experimental pressures that shaped his thinking from 1895 to June 1905. Following Stachel's historiographical line, I trace Einstein's path…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Galina Weinstein

Einstein's General Relativity theory has been tested in many ways during the last hundred years as reviewed in this chapter. Two tests are discussed in detail in this article: the concept of a zero gravity surface, the roots of which go…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-24 Gene Byrd , Arthur Chernin , Pekka Teerikorpi , Mauri Valtonen

Einstein regarded as one of the triumphs of his 1915 theory of gravity --- the general theory of relativity --- that it vindicated the action--reaction principle, while Newtonian mechanics as well as his 1905 special theory of relativity…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-06-21 Harvey R. Brown , Dennis Lehmkuhl

Gravitoelectromagnetic analogies are somewhat ubiquitous in General Relativity, and they are often used to explain peculiar effects of Einstein's theory of gravity in terms of familiar results from classical electromagnetism. Perhaps, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-20 Matteo Luca Ruggiero , Davide Astesiano