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We consider a general, classical theory of gravity in $n$ dimensions, arising from a diffeomorphism invariant Lagrangian. In any such theory, to each vector field, $\xi^a$, on spacetime one can associate a local symmetry and, hence, a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Robert M. Wald

We propose a new formula for the entropy of a dynamical black hole$-$valid to leading order for perturbations off of a stationary black hole background$-$in an arbitrary classical diffeomorphism covariant Lagrangian theory of gravity in $n$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-02 Stefan Hollands , Robert M. Wald , Victor G. Zhang

We develop a general framework for electromagnetic potential-charge contributions to the first law of black hole mechanics, applicable to dynamical first-order perturbations of stationary black objects with possibly non-compact bifurcate…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-30 Manus R. Visser , Zihan Yan

It is well known that in general theories of gravity with the diffeomorphism symmetry, the black hole entropy is a Noether charge. But what will happen if the symmetry is explicitly broken? By investigating the covariant first law of black…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-08 Shao-Feng Wu , Xian-Hui Ge , Yu-Xiao Liu

Gravitational theories invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms and Weyl transformations have the same classical solutions as the corresponding fully diffeomorphism invariant theories. However, they solve some of the problems related to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-05 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Luis J. Garay , Marek Liška

The Noether current and its variation relation with respect to diffeomorphism invariance of gravitational theories have been derived from the horizontal variation and vertical-horizontal bi-variation of the Lagrangian, respectively. For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-17 Xiaoning Wu , Han-Ying Guo , Chao-Guang Huang , Ke Wu

The Noether charge associated to diffeomorphism invariance in teleparallel gravity is derived. It is shown that the latter yields the ADM mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime. The black hole entropy is then investigated based on Wald's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 F. Hammad , D. Dijamco , A. Torres-Rivas , D. Bérubé

We derive the first law of black hole mechanics for physical theories based on a local, covariant and gauge-invariant Lagrangian where the dynamical fields transform non-trivially under the action of internal gauge transformations. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-12 Kartik Prabhu

The entropy of stationary black holes has recently been calculated by a number of different approaches. Here we compare the Noether charge approach (defined for any diffeomorphism invariant Lagrangian theory) with various Euclidean methods,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Vivek Iyer , Robert M. Wald

We study the first law for non-stationary perturbations of a stationary black hole whose event horizon is a Killing horizon, that relates the first-order change in the mass and angular momentum to the change in the entropy of an arbitrary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-18 Manus R. Visser , Zihan Yan

The first law of black hole mechanics was derived by Wald in a general covariant theory of gravity for stationary variations around a stationary black hole. It is formulated in terms of Noether charges, and has many advantages. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Shinji Mukohyama

Two techniques for computing black hole entropy in generally covariant gravity theories including arbitrary higher derivative interactions are studied. The techniques are Wald's Noether charge approach introduced recently, and a field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Ted Jacobson , Gungwon Kang , Robert C. Myers

Weyl transverse gravity is a gravitational theory that is invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms and Weyl transformations. It is characterised by having the same classical solutions as general relativity while solving some of its issues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-23 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Luis J. Garay , Marek Liška

We show that, in the first or second order orthonormal frame formalism, black hole entropy is the horizon Noether charge for a combination of diffeomorphism and local Lorentz symmetry involving the Lie derivative of the frame. The Noether…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-16 Ted Jacobson , Arif Mohd

Recently Hollands, Wald and Zhang proposed a new formula for the entropy of a dynamical black hole for an arbitrary theory of gravity obtained from a diffeomorphism covariant Lagrangian via the Noether charge method. We present an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-07 Delong Kong , Yu Tian , Hongbao Zhang , Jinan Zhao

The Noether charge method for defining the Hamiltonian of a diffeomorphism-invariant field theory is applied to "Einstein-aether" theory, in which gravity couples to a dynamical, timelike, unit-norm vector field. Using the method,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Brendan Z. Foster

The Noether-charge realization and the Hamiltonian realization for the $\diff({\cal M})$ algebra in diffeomorphism invariant gravitational theories are studied in a covariant formalism. For the Killing vector fields, the Nother-charge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-24 Chao-Guang Huang , Han-Ying Guo , Xiaoning Wu

I study the balance law equation of surface charges in the presence of background fields. The construction allows a unified description of Noether's theorem for both global and local symmetries. From the balance law associated with some of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-06 Antoine Rignon-Bret

The entropy of black holes in modified theories of gravity is examined in the Palatini formalism using the Noether Charge approach. It is shown that, if the gravitational coupling constant is properly identified, the entropy of a black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Dan N. Vollick

In the first order formalism of gravity theories, there are some theories which are not Lorentz-diffeomorphism covariant. In the framework of such theories we cannot apply the method of conserved charge calculation used in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-09 M. R. Setare , H. Adami
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