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In the Schroedinger equation, time plays a special role as an external parameter. We show that in an enlarged system where the time variable denotes an additional degree of freedom, solutions of the Schroedinger equation give rise to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Romeo Brunetti , Klaus Fredenhagen , Marc Hoge

In a recent paper we have suggested that a formulation of quantum mechanics should exist, which does not require the concept of time, and that the appropriate mathematical language for such a formulation is noncommutative differential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 T. P. Singh

We study quantum mechanics in the stochastic formulation, using the functional integral approach. The noise term enters the classical action as a local contribution of anticommuting fields. The partition function is not invariant under…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2013-11-15 S. Nicolis

A unified framework for different formulations of quantum theoery is introduced specifying what is meant by a quantum mechanical theory in general.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-28 James Hartle

Background independence is often emphasized as an important property of a quantum theory of gravity that takes seriously the geometrical nature of general relativity. In a background-independent formulation, quantum gravity should determine…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-27 Martin Bojowald

The aim of this work is to review the concepts of time in quantum mechanics and general relativity to show their incompatibility. We show that the absolute character of Newtonian time is present in quantum mechanics and also partially in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alfredo Macias , Hernando Quevedo

A quantum theory of the universe consists of a theory of its quantum dynamics and a theory of its quantum state The theory predicts quantum multiverses in the form of decoherent sets of alternative histories describing the evolution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-29 James B. Hartle

We develop the quantum field theory of fermion mixing in curved spacetime and discuss the role of unitarily inequivalent representations in the particle interpretation of the theory. We derive general oscillation formulae and apply them to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-06 Antonio Capolupo , Gaetano Lambiase , Aniello Quaranta

Polymomentum canonical theories, which are manifestly covariant multi-parameter generalizations of the Hamiltonian formalism to field theory, are considered as a possible basis of quantization. We arrive at a multi-parameter hypercomplex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-13 I. V. Kanatchikov

In a quantum theory of gravity spacetime behaves classically when quantum probabilities are high for histories of geometry and field that are correlated in time by the Einstein equation. Probabilities follow from the quantum state. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-16 James Hartle , Thomas Hertog

It is argued that the Schr\"odinger equation does not yield a correct description of the quantum-mechanical time evolution of states of isolated (open) systems featuring events. A precise general law for the time evolution of states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Jürg Fröhlich , Alessandro Pizzo

We study the possibility of applying statistical mechanics to generally covariant quantum theories with a vanishing Hamiltonian. We show that (under certain appropiate conditions) this makes sense, in spite of the absence of a notion of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Merced Montesinos , Carlo Rovelli

In this paper canonical quantum gravity on noncommutative space-time is considered. The corresponding generalized classical theory is formulated by using the moyal star product, which enables the representation of the field quantities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-02 Martin Kober

Hamiltonian mechanics describes the evolution of a system through its Hamiltonian. The Hamiltonian typically also represents the energy observable, a Noether-conserved quantity associated with the time-invariance of the law of evolution. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Libo Jiang , Daniel R. Terno , Oscar Dahlsten

In the standard formulation of quantum mechanics, one starts by proposing a potential function that models the physical system. The potential is then inserted into the Schr\"odinger equation, which is solved for the wave function, bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-28 A. D. Alhaidari , M. E. H. Ismail

Bohmian mechanics offers a deterministic alternative to conventional quantum theory through well-defined particle trajectories. While successful in nonrelativistic contexts, its extension to curved spacetime-and hence quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-13 Mohamed Hatifi

In quantum gravity there is no notion of absolute time. Like all other quantities in the theory, the notion of time has to be introduced "relationally", by studying the behavior of some physical quantities in terms of others chosen as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

Probabilistic Spacetime is a simple generalization of the classical model of spacetime in General Relativity, such that it allows to consider multiple metric field realizations endowed with probabilities. The motivation for such a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-27 Jakub Káninský

We revisit the issue of time in quantum geometrodynamics and suggest a quantization procedure on the space of true dynamic variables. This procedure separates the issue of quantization from enforcing the constraints caused by the general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-21 Warner A. Miller , Arkady Kheyfets

We extend Einstein's hole argument into the quantum domain, and argue that quantum observables for quasiclassical superpositional states of gravitational fields require additional information to be well-defined, namely, relative positions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-13 I. Schmelzer