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We report on numerical calculations of Morse index for figure-eight choreographic solutions to a system of three identical bodies in a plane interacting through homogeneous potential, $-1/r^a$, or through Lennard-Jones-type (LJ) potential,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-01-07 Hiroshi Fukuda , Toshiaki Fujiwara , Hiroshi Ozaki

In this paper, we study the chaotic four-body problem in Newtonian gravity. Assuming point particles and total encounter energies $\le$ 0, the problem has three possible outcomes. We describe each outcome as a series of discrete…

In the figure-eight choreography in the classical three-body problem, both-side bifurcation solutions sometimes fold on one side of the bifurcation point with cusp of action. Three numerical examples of a such fold for figure-eight…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Hiroshi Fukuda , Hiroshi Ozaki

We provide the differential equations that generalize the Newtonian N-body problem of celestial mechanics to spaces of constant Gaussian curvature, k, for all k real. In previous studies, the equations of motion made sense only for k…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Florin Diacu

We treat the circular and elliptic restricted three-body problems in inertial frames as periodically forced Kepler problems with additional singularities and explain that in this setting the main result of [4] is applicable. This guarantees…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Rafael Ortega , Lei Zhao

In this paper we characterize all the solutions of the three body problem on which one body with mass $m_1$ remains in a fixed line and the other two bodies have the same mass $m_2$. We show that all the solutions with negative total energy…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Oscar Perdomo

We consider an $N$--body problem under a harmonic potential of the form $\frac{1}{2}\sum \kappa_{jl} |q_j-q_l|^2$. A $p$-lima\c{c}on curve is a planar curve parametrized by $t$ given by $a(\cos t,\sin t)+b(\cos pt, \sin pt)$, where $a,b\in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Manuel Fernandez-Guasti , Toshiaki Fujiwara , Ernesto Perez-Chavela , Shuqiang Zhu

Three-body and n-body problems in celestial mechanics are age-old and challenging puzzles. In recent years, several breakthroughs are made in finding periodic orbits for three-body problem. And Bohua Sun proposed a conjecture on Kepler's…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-11-05 Chang-Yin Zhao , Ming-Jiang Zhang

This paper gives an analysis of the movement of n vortices on the sphere. When the vortices have equal circulation, there is a polygonal solution that rotates uniformly around its center. The main result concerns the global existence of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Carlos García-Azpeitia

We prove for a large class of n-body problems including a subclass of quasihomogeneous n-body problems, the classical n-body problem, the n-body problem in spaces of negative constant Gaussian curvature and a restricted case of the n-body…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-28 Pieter Tibboel

In the $2$-dimensional $n$-body problem, $n\ge 3$, in spaces of constant curvature, $\kappa\ne 0$, we study polygonal homographic solutions. We first provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of these orbits and then…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-02-21 Florin Diacu

The two-body problem in General Relativity has been the subject of many analytical investigations. After reviewing some of the methods used to tackle this problem (and, more generally, the N-body problem), we focus on a new, recently…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-13 Thibault Damour

An approach is developed to find approximate solutions to the classical Newtonian problem of N bodies. Sets of N gravitating bodies having spherically symmetric mass distributions, small angular velocities (< 1 rad/s) and bounded position…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 AbuBakr Mehmood , Syed Umer Abbas Shah , Ghulam Shabbir

The restricted (equilateral) four-body problem consists of three bodies of masses m1, m2 and m3 (called primaries) lying in a Lagrangian config- uration of the three-body problem, i,e,. they remain fixed at the apices of an equilateral…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Jaime Burgos-Garcia

The restricted (equilateral) four-body problem consists of three bodies of masses m1, m2 and m3 (called primaries) lying in a Lagrangian configuration of the three-body problem i.e., they remain fixed at the apices of an equilateral…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Jaime Burgos-García , Joaquín Delgado

The bifurcation of figure-eight choreography is analyzed by its symmetry group based on the variational principle of the action. The irreducible representations determine the symmetry and the dimension of the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduced…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Hiroshi Fukuda , Hiroshi Ozaki

We design an accurate orbital integration scheme for the general N-body problem preserving all the conserved quantities but the angular momentum.This scheme is based on the chain concept (Mikkola & Aarseth 1993) and is regarded as an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-24 Yukitaka Minesaki

In (Fusco et. al., 2011) several periodic orbits of the Newtonian N-body problem have been found as minimizers of the Lagrangian action in suitable sets of T-periodic loops, for a given T>0. Each of them share the symmetry of one Platonic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Marco Fenucci , Giovanni Federico Gronchi

Continuing work initiated in an earlier publication [Yamada, Tsuchiya, and Asada, Phys. Rev. D 91, 124016 (2015)], we reexamine the linear stability of the triangular solution in the relativistic three-body problem for general masses by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-08 Kei Yamada , Takuya Tsuchiya

We consider the equations of motion of $n$ vortices of equal circulation in the plane, in a disk and on a sphere. The vortices form a polygonal equilibrium in a rotating frame of reference. We use numerical continuation in a boundary value…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Renato Calleja , Eusebius Doedel , Carlos García-Azpeitia