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We propose new bounds on black hole entropy in terms of the specific heat at fixed charges. For special spherically-symmetric and static black holes ($g_{tt} g_{rr}=-1$), we prove the bounds with suitable sufficient energy conditions. For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-25 Kai-Peng Lu , H. Lu

In a gedanken experiment in which a box initially containing energy $E$ and entropy $S$ is lowered toward a black hole and then dropped in, it was shown by Unruh and Wald that the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics holds,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 M. A. Pelath , Robert M. Wald

According to the third law of Thermodynamics, it takes an infinite number of steps for any object, including black-holes, to reach zero temperature. For any physical system, the process of cooling to absolute zero corresponds to erasing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-16 Swastik Bhattacharya , S. Shankaranarayanan

A black hole considered as a part of a thermodynamical system possesses the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy $S_H =A_H /(4l_{\mbox{\scriptsize{P}}}^2)$, where $A_H$ is the area of a black hole surface and $l_{\,\mbox{\scriptsize{P}}}$ is the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-05 Valeri P. Frolov

Mass thresholds, lifetimes, entropy and heat capacity for micro black holes close to their late Schwarzschild phase are computed using two different generalized uncertainty principles, in the framework of models with extra spatial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-22 Fabio Scardigli

Primordial black holes that survive until the present have been considered as a dark matter candidate. In this paper we argue that primordial 2-2-hole remnants provide a more promising and testable option. 2-2-holes arise in quadratic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-29 Ufuk Aydemir , Bob Holdom , Jing Ren

Using sophisticated string theory calculations, Maldacena and Susskind have intriguingly shown that near-extremal black holes are characterized by a {\it finite} mass gap above the corresponding zero-temperature (extremal) black-hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-07 Shahar Hod

In gravitational thermodynamics, the entropy of a black hole with distinct surface gravities can be evaluated in a microcanonical ensemble. At the $WKB$ level, the entropy becomes the negative of the Euclidean action of the constrained…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhong Chao Wu

Analyzing the tunneling probability of a Schwarzschild black hole with a negative log-area correction to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, I argue that this correction may be closely related to a black hole remnant. The value for the minimal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-25 Li Xiang

We obtain expressions for the mass and angular momenta of rotating black holes in anti-de Sitter backgrounds in four, five and higher dimensions. We verify explicitly that our expressions satisfy the first law of thermodynamics, thus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-08-09 G. W. Gibbons , M. J. Perry , C. N. Pope

Black holes are some of the most interesting objects in the universe. While they first arise in the complicated behavior of general relativity, the physical laws ruling their behavior are surprisingly simple. For example, one of the core…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-20 Caio César Rodrigues Evangelista , Níckolas de Aguiar Alves

Restricted to a black hole horizon, the ``gauge'' algebra of surface deformations in general relativity contains a Virasoro subalgebra with a calculable central charge. The fields in any quantum theory of gravity must transform accordingly,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-28 S. Carlip

We estimate the rate at which collisions between ultra-high energy cosmic rays can form small black holes in models with extra dimensions. If recent conjectures about false vacuum decay catalyzed by black hole evaporation apply, the lack of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-03-13 Katherine J. Mack , Robert McNees

We present an approach to the four laws of black hole thermodynamics by utilizing the thermodynamics of quantum coherence. Firstly, Hawking effect is attributed to the decoherence of the two-mode squeezed state in a black hole spacetime.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Xiao-Kan Guo

It is generally believed that mini black holes decay by emitting elementary particles with a black body energy spectrum. The original calculation lead to the conclusion that about the 90% of the black hole mass is radiated away in the form…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Alex Casanova , Euro Spallucci

In the Letter [1] (also [2]) there is a claim that the generalised second law of thermodynamics (entropy increase) for black holes provides some limits on the rate of variation of the fundamental constants of nature (electric charge e,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-27 V. V. Flambaum

The existence of a positive cosmological constant leads naturally to two fundamental scales of length, being the De Sitter horizon and the radius of the cell associated with a holographic degree of freedom. Associated with each of those…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-22 Scott Funkhouser

It has normally been assumed that primordial black holes (PBHs) always form with mass approximately equal to the mass contained within the horizon at that time. Recent work studying the application of critical phenomena in gravitational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-25 Anne M Green , Andrew R Liddle

A seven parameter family of five-dimensional black hole solutions depending on mass, two angular momenta, three charges and the asymptotic value of a scalar field is constructed. The entropy is computed as a function of these parameters…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 J. C. Breckenridge , D. A. Lowe , R. C. Myers , A. W. Peet , A. Strominger , C. Vafa

The first part of this work provides a review of recent research on generalised entropies and their origin, as well as its application to black hole thermodynamics. To start, it is shown that the Hawking temperature and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-11 Emilio Elizalde , Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov