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We study the observable implications of an incomplete first order phase transition during inflation. In such a phase transition, the nucleated bubbles do not percolate and instead are continuously produced until the onset of reheating. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-20 Joel Barir , Michael Geller , Chen Sun , Tomer Volansky

We consider the impact of thermal inflation -- a short, secondary period of inflation that can arise in supersymmetric scenarios -- on the stochastic gravitational wave background. We show that while the primordial inflationary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Richard Easther , John T. Giblin , Eugene A. Lim , Wan-Il Park , Ewan D. Stewart

There exist observational evidence to believe the existence of primordial magnetic fields generated during inflation. We study primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) during inflation in the presence of magnetic fields sustained by a gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-09 Sugumi Kanno , Ann Mukuno , Jiro Soda , Kazushige Ueda

Gravitational waves induced by large primordial curvature fluctuations may result in a sizable stochastic gravitational wave background. Interestingly, curvature fluctuations are gradually generated by initial isocurvature fluctuations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-06 Guillem Domènech

It is often said that detecting a spectrum of primordial gravitational waves via observing B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background is the "Holy Grail" of inflation. The purpose of this short note is to point out that it is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-20 Robert H. Brandenberger

Pulsar timing arrays gathered evidence of the presence of a gravitational wave background around nHz frequencies. If the gravitational wave background was induced by large and Gaussian primordial fluctuations, they would then produce too…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-18 Shyam Balaji , Guillem Domènech , Gabriele Franciolini

A stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves could be detected soon in the polarization of the CMB and/or with laser interferometers. There are at least three GWB coming from inflation: those produced during inflation and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-11 Juan Garcia-Bellido

In this work we highlight an important perspective for the complete understanding of the stochastic gravitational background structure. The stochastic gravitational wave background is perhaps the most important current and future tool…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-02 S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

We explore a novel process in the early Universe in which thermalized photons are converted into gravitons in the presence of strong primordial magnetic fields. It is found that the frequency of generated gravitational waves (GWs) is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-19 Tomohiro Fujita , Kohei Kamada , Yuichiro Nakai

We discuss the effects of cosmic phase transition on the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves generated during inflation. The energy density of the scalar condensation responsible for the phase transition may become sizable at the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Ryusuke Jinno , Takeo Moroi , Kazunori Nakayama

A primordial spectrum of gravitational waves serves as a backlight to the relativistic degrees of freedom of the cosmological fluid. Any change in the particle physics content, due to a change of phase or freeze-out of a species, will leave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Robert R. Caldwell , Tristan L. Smith , Devin G. E. Walker

We reconsider the enhancement of primordial gravitational waves that arises from a quantum gravitational model of inflation. A distinctive feature of this model is that the end of inflation witnesses a brief phase during which the Hubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Maria G. Romania , N. C. Tsamis , R. P. Woodard

A cosmological gravitational wave background resulting from space-time quantum perturbations at energy scales of $\sim 10^{15}$GeV is expected as a consequence of the general relativity theory in the context of the standard cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Soares-Santos , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino

Preheating and other particle production phenomena in the early Universe can give rise to high- energy out-of-equilibrium fermions with an anisotropic stress. We develop a formalism to calculate the spectrum of gravitational waves due to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Kari Enqvist , Daniel G. Figueroa , Tuukka Meriniemi

Supersolid inflation is a class of inflationary theories that simultaneously breaks time and space reparameterization invariance during inflation, with distinctive features for the dynamics of cosmological fluctuations. We investigate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Angelo Ricciardone , Gianmassimo Tasinato

Gravitational waves (GWs) have a great potential to probe cosmology. We review early universe sources that can lead to cosmological backgrounds of GWs. We begin by presenting definitions of GWs in flat space-time and in a cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-23 Chiara Caprini , Daniel G. Figueroa

We perform a detailed analysis on a primordial gravitational-wave background amplified during a Kasner-like pre-inflationary phase allowing for general triaxial anisotropies. It is found that the predicted angular distribution map of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Yu Furuya , Yuki Niiyama , Yuuiti Sendouda

The recent claim by BICEP2 of evidence for primordial gravitational waves from inflation has focused interest on the potential for early-Universe cosmology using observations of gravitational waves. In addition to cosmic microwave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-11 John T. Giblin , Eric Thrane

In this paper we study the inflation model driven by the phantom field. We propose a possible exit from phantom inflation to our observational cosmology by introducing an additional normal scalar field, similar to hybrid inflation model.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Yun-Song Piao , Yuan-Zhong Zhang

It is well-known that first order phase transitions in the early universe can be a powerful source of observable stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds. Any such gravitational wave background must exhibit large-scale anisotropies at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-21 Arushi Bodas , Raman Sundrum