Related papers: Electromagnetic field with constraints and Papapet…
There is a review of the physical theories needing Dirac-Bergmann theory of constraints at the Hamiltonian level due to the existence of gauge symmetries. It contains: i) the treatment of systems of point particles in special relativity…
The sets ${\Phi({F}^{\mu \nu})}, {\Phi(\tilde {F}^{\mu \nu})}$ of linear functionals on the space $< F,+,\cdot >$ represent themself linear space $< \Phi,+,\cdot >$ over the field of \textit{scalars} $P$, which is dual to space $< F,+,\cdot…
A canonical relativistic formulation is introduced to quantize electromagnetic field in the presence of a polarizable and magnetizable moving medium. The medium is modeled by a continuum of four vectors in a phenomenological way. The…
We analyze the general radiation emission mechanism from a charged particle moving in a curved inhomogeneous magnetic field. The consideration of the gradient makes the curved vacuum magnetic field compatible with the Maxwell equations and…
We present a theoretical formulation of the one-electron problem constrained on the surface of a cylindrical tubule with varying diameter. Because of the cylindrical symmetry, we may reduce the problem to a one-dimensional equation for each…
It is pointed out that the unmagnetized inhomogeneous plasmas can support a low frequency electromagnetic ion wave as a normal mode like Alfven wave of magnetized plasmas. But this is a coupled mode produced by the mixing of longitudinal…
We show that there exists a choice of gauge in which the electromagnetic 4-potential may be written as the difference of two 4-velocity vector fields describing the motion of a two-component space-filling relativistic fluid. Maxwell's…
In order to analyse classical electromagnetism in a medium at finite temperature we introduce `an optical density operator', and reformulate Maxwell's equations with the operator, starting from the Dirac-equation-like formulation of…
We present the full Hamiltonian analysis of electrodynamics, including fermions, photons, and their interaction, on a general curved spacetime in Ashtekar-Barbero variables. Only the time gauge is imposed and the theory is background…
The equation is considered for a composite scalar particle with polarizabilities in an external quantized electromagnetic plane wave. This equation is reduced to a system of equations for infinite number of interacting oscillators. After…
Given the anomalous magnetic moments of electrons and positrons in the one-loop approximation, we calculate the exact Lagrangian of an intense constant magnetic field that replaces the Heisenberg-Euler Lagrangian in traditional quantum…
We consider classical and quantum electromagnetic fields in a three-dimensional (3D) cavity and in a waveguide with oscillating boundaries of the frequency $\Omega $. The photons created by the parametric resonance are distributed in the…
Dirac's equation in the field of a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and constant magnetic field has exact localized non-stationary solutions. The solutions corresponds relativistic fermions only. Among them singular solutions with…
A Heisenberg uncertainty relation is derived for spatially-gated electric and magnetic field fluctuations. The uncertainty increases for small gating sizes which implies that in confined spaces the quantum nature of the electromagnetic…
We argue that the definition of the thermodynamic work done on a charged particle by a time-dependent electromagnetic field is an open problem, because the particle's Hamiltonian is not gauge-invariant. The solution of this problem demands…
For the electromagnetic interaction of two particles the relativistic quantum mechanics equations are proposed. These equations are solved for the case when one particle has a small mass and moves freely. The initial wave functions are…
The time-dependent electromagnetic field can results both pair waves and pair particles. It can be for mathematical relations between two functions with identical argument and difference of phases equal to $\pi$. Two examples both the…
We set a generalised non-linear Lagrangian, encompassing Born-Infeld and Heisenberg-Euler theories among others. The Lagrangian reduces to the Maxwell Lagrangian at lowest order. The field is composed by a propagating light-wave in an…
Theory of electromagnetic field, specified by an effective action functional, is considered. The causality condition is imposed in the form of a requirement that the group velocities of propagation of small and soft disturbances over the…
Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…