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A brief introduction to theories of the gravitational field with a Lagrangian that is a function of the scalar curvature is given. The emphasis will be placed in formal developments, while comparison to observation will be discussed in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-14 Santiago Esteban Perez Bergliaffa

It is known that in f(R) theories of gravity with an independent connection which can be both non-metric and non symmetric, this connection can always be algebraically eliminated in favour of the metric and the matter fields, so long as it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-03 Vincenzo Vitagliano , Thomas P. Sotiriou , Stefano Liberati

General Relativity assumes that spacetime is fully described by the metric alone. An alternative is the so called Palatini formalism where the metric and the connections are taken as independent quantities. The metric-affine theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas P. Sotiriou , Stefano Liberati

We reconcile seemingly conflicting statements in the literature about the behavior of cosmological solutions in modified theories of gravity where the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian for gravity is modified by the addition of a function of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ignacy Sawicki , Wayne Hu

We study nonlinear gravity theories in both the metric and the Palatini (metric-affine) formalisms. The nonlinear character of the gravity lagrangian in the metric formalism causes the appearance of a scalar source of matter in Einstein's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Gonzalo J. Olmo , William Komp

In gravity theories derived from a f(R) Lagrangian, matter is usually supposed to be minimally coupled to the metric, which hence defines a ``Jordan frame.'' However, since the field equations are fourth order, gravity possesses an extra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Nathalie Deruelle , Misao Sasaki , Yuuiti Sendouda

We consider scalar-tensor theories of gravity in an accelerating universe. The equations for the background evolution and the perturbations are given in full generality for any parametrization of the Lagrangian, and we stress that apparent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 G. Esposito-Farese , D. Polarski

Corrections to solar system gravity are derived for f(G) gravity theories, in which a function of the Gauss-Bonnet curvature term is added to the gravitational action. Their effects on Newton's law, as felt by the planets, and on the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-01-30 Stephen C. Davis

Recently D. Vollick [Phys. Rev. D68, 063510 (2003)] has shown that the inclusion of the 1/R curvature terms in the gravitational action and the use of the Palatini formalism offer an alternative explanation for cosmological acceleration. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 A. E. Dominguez , D. E. Barraco

There is a conformal equivalence between power law $f(R)$ theories and scalar field theories in which the scalar degree of freedom evolves under the action of an exponential potential function. In the scalar field representation there is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Yousef Bisabr

It has been proposed that cosmic acceleration or inflation can be driven by replacing the Einstein-Hilbert action of general relativity with a function f(R) of the Ricci scalar R. Such f(R) gravity theories have been shown to be equivalent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Takeshi Chiba , Tristan L. Smith , Adrienne L. Erickcek

f(R) gravity theories in the Palatini formalism has been recently used as an alternative way to explain the observed late-time cosmic acceleration with no need of invoking either dark energy or extra spatial dimension. However, its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-12-07 Janilo Santos , Crislane de Souza Santos

We present an extension of general relativity in which an $f(R)$ term \`{a} la Palatini is added to the usual metric Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. Expressing the theory in a dynamically equivalent scalar-tensor form, we show that it can pass…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-01-11 S. Capozziello , T. Harko , T. S. Koivisto , Francisco S. N. Lobo , Gonzalo J. Olmo

We briefly review f(R) theories, both in the metric and Palatini formulations, their scalar-tensor representations and the chameleon mechanism that could explain the absence of perceptible consequences in the Solar System. We also review…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-12 Rafael Ferraro

Recently, a new kind of $f(z)$ theory is proposed to provide a different perspective for the development of reliable alternative models of gravity in which the $f(R)$ Lagrangian terms are reformulated as polynomial parameterizations $f(z)$.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-15 Ji-Yao Wang , Chao-Jun Feng , Xiang-Hua Zhai , Xin-Zhou Li

In the present paper we will investigate the relation between scalar-tensor theory and $f(R)$ theories of gravity. Such studies have been performed in the past for the metric formalism of $f(R)$ gravity; here we will consider mainly the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Thomas P. Sotiriou

We search for viable f(R) theories of gravity, making use of the equivalence between such theories and scalar-tensor gravity. We find that models can be made consistent with solar system constraints either by giving the scalar a high mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas Faulkner , Max Tegmark , Emory F. Bunn , Yi Mao

The equation of motion for test particles in $f(R)$ modified theories of gravity is derived. By considering an explicit coupling between an arbitrary function of the scalar curvature, $R$, and the Lagrangian density of matter, it is shown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Orfeu Bertolami , Christian G. Boehmer , Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

We consider extensions of the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian to a general functional of metric and Riemann curvature tensor. A given such Lagrangian describes two different theories depending on considering connection and metric (Palatini…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Q. Exirifard , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

We analyze seven different viable $f(R)$-gravities towards the Solar System tests and stochastic gravitational waves background. The aim is to achieve experimental bounds for the theory at local and cosmological scales in order to select…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-28 S. Capozziello , M. De Laurentis , S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov